GOALI: Additive Manufacturing of Nano-twinned Metals via Localized Pulsed Electrodeposition (L-PED)

GOALI：通过局部脉冲电镀 (L-PED) 增材制造纳米孪晶金属

• 批准号: 2152725
• 负责人: Jagannathan Rajagopalan
• 金额: $ 36.42万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-10-01 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2152725&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GOALI; Additive; Manufacturing; Nano; twinned

Additive manufacturing is revolutionizing manufacturing by enabling layer-by-layer production of components from computer models. Metal additive manufacturing has been adopted by industry at a slower pace compared to 3D printing of plastics, polymers, and hydrogels. This Grant Opportunities for Academic Liaison with Industry (GOALI) project involves fundamental research to enable expansion of additive manufacturing of metals. The process enabled by this research will be focused on a specialized type of metals, called `nano-twinned' metals, which exhibit simultaneous high strength, high ductility, and high electrical conductivity. These properties are enabled by their special microstructure, which is distinctly different than conventional metals. Specifically, in the atomic structure of these metals, parallel arrays of specialized boundaries (twin boundaries, TBs) form in which atoms have a mirror symmetry with respect to the boundary. These boundaries strengthen the metal. Also, electric current can readily flow through mirror atoms in the boundary, making these materials well-suited for electrical applications. This fundamental research will result in an additive manufacturing process that can be adopted in many industries such as for structural applications, interconnects in electronics, and sensors. This research may result in a viable commercial low-cost 3D printer for metals, which can be adopted by academic research labs, educational facilities, and small manufacturing enterprises (SMEs). The partnership with industry on this GOALI project will facilitate such transition.In this project, fundamental research will be conducted on a new process for additive manufacturing of metals with controlled twin lamella thickness and twin density, and hence controlled mechanical and electrical properties. The process is based on a localized pulsed electrodeposition process. Nano-twinned metals are ultrafine-grained or fine-grained metals that contain a high density of layered nanoscale regions. These regions are divided by coherent twin boundaries. Nano-twinned metals have an unprecedented combination of ultrahigh strength, high ductility, and high electrical conductivity. This type of metal in bulk form can be synthesized via various approaches including electrodeposition, recrystallization, phase transformation, and sputter deposition, and plastic deformation processing. However, there is no current process for additive manufacturing of nano-twinned metals. This project will develop a theoretical understanding of additive manufacturing of nano-twinned metals by localized pulsed electrodeposition (L-PED) using combined multi-physics simulation and multi-scale experiments. In addition, nano-twinned metals will be manufactured by 3D L-PED and the process-structure-property relationship of the printed metals will be investigated.

增材制造正在通过从计算机模型逐层生产组件来彻底改变制造业。与塑料、聚合物和水凝胶的3D打印相比，金属增材制造已被工业界以较慢的速度采用。该学术联络与工业（GOALI）项目的赠款机会涉及基础研究，以扩大金属的增材制造。这项研究促成的工艺将侧重于一种称为“纳米孪生”金属的特殊类型的金属，这种金属同时具有高强度、高延展性和高导电性。这些特性是由其特殊的微观结构实现的，这与传统金属明显不同。具体而言，在这些金属的原子结构中，形成了专门边界（孪晶边界，TB）的平行阵列，其中原子相对于边界具有镜像对称性。这些边界强化了金属。此外，电流可以很容易地流过边界中的镜像原子，使这些材料非常适合电气应用。这项基础研究将产生一种增材制造工艺，可用于许多行业，如结构应用、电子互连和传感器。这项研究可能会产生一种可行的商业低成本金属3D打印机，可供学术研究实验室、教育机构和小型制造企业（SME）采用。在GOALI项目上与工业界的合作将促进这一转变。在该项目中，将对一种新的金属增材制造工艺进行基础研究，该工艺具有可控的孪晶层厚度和孪晶密度，从而控制机械和电气性能。该工艺基于局部脉冲电沉积工艺。 纳米孪晶金属是包含高密度分层纳米级区域的超细晶粒或细晶粒金属。这些区域由相干的孪晶边界划分。纳米孪晶金属具有前所未有的抗拉强度、高延展性和高导电性的组合。这种块状形式的金属可以通过各种方法合成，包括电沉积、再结晶、相变、溅射沉积和塑性变形加工。然而，目前还没有纳米孪晶金属的增材制造工艺。该项目将通过局部脉冲电沉积（L-PED）结合多物理模拟和多尺度实验，对纳米孪晶金属的增材制造进行理论理解。此外，还将利用3D L-PED技术制备纳米孪晶金属，并研究印刷金属的工艺-结构-性能关系。

项目成果

Multiphysics simulation of microscale copper printing by confined electrodeposition using a nozzle array

使用喷嘴阵列进行有限电沉积微尺度铜印刷的多物理场模拟

• DOI: 10.1063/5.0072183
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Physics
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Burlison, Scott;Minary-Jolandan, Majid
• 通讯作者: Minary-Jolandan, Majid

Electrical property-microstructure of copper interconnects printed by localized pulsed electrodeposition (l-PED)

局部脉冲电沉积（l-PED）印刷铜互连线的电性能-微观结构

• DOI: 10.1016/j.matlet.2022.133364
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Materials Letters
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Bhuiyan, Md Emran;Wang, Chao;Arellano-Jimenez, M. Josefina;Waliullah, Mohammad;Quevedo-Lopez, Manuel;Bernal, Rodrigo;Minary-Jolandan, Majid
• 通讯作者: Minary-Jolandan, Majid