Multigenerational Persistence of Environmental Exposure

环境暴露的多代持续性

• 批准号: 2200648
• 负责人: Huan Li
• 金额: $ 44.32万
• 依托单位: North Carolina Agricultural & Technical State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2200648&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multigenerational; Persistence; Environmental; Exposure

Air quality in the United States has improved substantially over time, yet there remains a systematic pattern where the most polluted neighborhoods are racial minority or low-income neighborhoods. This differential exposure to pollution persists from one generation to another. Using four decades of individual-level data and modern economic theory, this project will: document the persistence of racial gaps in exposure to air pollution, examine whether and to what extent the disproportionate exposure of socio-economically disadvantaged populations transmits across generations, and analyze the sources of this intergenerational differences in pollution exposure and how these differences affect racial differences in adulthood economic decisions and outcomes. In addition, the study will also collect oral histories from those who have lived in polluted neighborhoods to document their experiences. The results of this study will inform public policy and suggest a way out of the low environmental quality trap that underprivileged communities face. The results of this research project will also provide important inputs into environmental policy generally, thus improving the health of U.S. citizens, especially those at the lower end of the socio-economic ladder.This project extends the canonical spatial sorting model to study the observed intergenerational persistence of differences in racial exposure to environment pollution. As an extension of the theoretical and empirical analysis, the project will collect oral history of people in African American communities with lived experiences in areas of environmental pollution and how these experiences have affected their lives. This part of the project will be implemented in 14 North Carolina counties that are associated with the 1982 North Carolina Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Protest. The PIs will qualitatively analyze these oral histories to inform the empirical specification of the model as well as to motivate alternative policy simulations. This project contributes to the extensive literature on intergenerational mobility, as several economic and epidemiological studies have suggested that elevated pollution exposure can translate into health, educational, and eventually income inequality. The results of this research project will provide important inputs into environmental policy, thus improving the health of U.S. citizens, especially those at the lower end of the socio-economic ladder.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

随着时间的推移，美国的空气质量有了显着改善，但仍然存在一种系统性模式，即污染最严重的社区是少数族裔或低收入社区。 这种不同的污染暴露程度代代相传。 利用四十年的个人数据和现代经济理论，该项目将：记录在空气污染暴露方面持续存在的种族差距，研究社会经济弱势群体的不成比例的空气污染暴露是否以及在多大程度上跨代传播，并分析污染暴露的代际差异的根源，以及这些差异如何影响成年期经济决策和结果的种族差异。此外，该研究还将收集居住在污染社区的人们的口述历史，以记录他们的经历。 这项研究的结果将为公共政策提供信息，并提出摆脱贫困社区面临的低环境质量陷阱的出路。 该研究项目的结果还将为总体环境政策提供重要投入，从而改善美国公民的健康，特别是那些处于社会经济阶梯低端的人们。该项目扩展了规范空间排序模型，以研究观察到的种族环境污染暴露差异的代际持续性。 作为理论和实证分析的延伸，该项目将收集非裔美国人社区人们在环境污染领域的口述历史以及这些经历如何影响他们的生活。 该项目的这一部分将在与 1982 年北卡罗来纳州多氯联苯 (PCB) 抗议活动相关的 14 个北卡罗来纳州县实施。 PI 将定性分析这些口述历史，为模型的实证规范提供信息，并激发替代政策模拟。该项目为有关代际流动性的大量文献做出了贡献，因为一些经济和流行病学研究表明，污染暴露的增加可能会转化为健康、教育，并最终导致收入不平等。 该研究项目的结果将为环境政策提供重要投入，从而改善美国公民的健康，特别是那些处于社会经济阶梯低端的公民。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。