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NSF-GACR: Study of Gamma-Ray Generation in High-Intensity Laser-Plasma Interactions at ELI Beamlines

NSF-GACR：ELI 光束线高强度激光-等离子体相互作用中伽马射线产生的研究

基本信息

批准号：
2206777
负责人：
Alexey Arefiev
金额：
$ 63.26万
依托单位：
University of California-San Diego
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-06-15 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2206777&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF GACR Study Gamma Ray

项目摘要

This project will explore efficient gamma-ray generation using ultra-high-intensity lasers. The development of advanced light sources has contributed to significant progress in science and technology across many disciplines. The next frontier are sources of efficient gamma-rays – whose energies are thousands of times higher than those of typical x-rays. Light at these extreme energies can be used in fundamental studies, such as matter-antimatter production and understanding of astrophysical multi-messenger sources, and in applications to nuclear material detection, nuclear waste analysis, and medical isotope production. The aim of this project is to demonstrate efficient gamma-ray generation using ultra-high-intensity lasers at the Extreme Light Infrastructure Beamlines (ELI-Beamlines) facility in the Czech Republic. This collaboration, enabled by the partnership between NSF and the Czech Science Foundation (GACR), combines the required theoretical expertise from UCSD, experimental expertise from ELI-Beamlines, and target fabrication expertise from General Atomics. In addition to graduate student training, the project will also provide dedicated summer internships to undergraduate students from underrepresented groups. The emission of high-energy photons, a million times higher than visible-light, will be achieved by driving a multi-GigaGauss quasi-static azimuthal magnetic field inside a dense plasma that is rendered transparent by an ultra-high-intensity laser pulse. Plasma electrons serve as a mediator in the conversion of laser energy into a dense beam of energetic gamma-rays. The confining azimuthal magnetic field facilitates electron energy gain from the laser, while the electron deflections within the magnetic field cause the electrons to emit MeV gamma-rays in the direction of laser propagation. The extreme magnetic field strength and high electron energy ensure high efficiency of gamma-ray emission. The experiments will be performed at the ELI-Beamlines laser facility in the Czech Republic. The ability of these lasers to reach ultra-high on-target intensity is the key to accessing the desired regime. The experiments will utilize low-mass foam targets to produce a dense plasma whose electron density is well above the classical cutoff density, but below the relativistically adjusted cutoff density for the laser intensities used in the experiments. This choice of target density enables laser propagation through the plasma while also providing efficient generation of MeV photons.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将探索使用超高强度激光器有效产生伽马射线。先进光源的发展促进了许多学科的科学和技术的重大进步。下一个前沿是有效的伽马射线源，其能量比典型的x射线高出数千倍。这些极端能量的光可以用于基础研究，例如物质-反物质的产生和对天体物理多信使源的理解，以及核材料检测，核废料分析和医学同位素生产的应用。该项目的目的是在捷克共和国的极光基础设施光束线（ELI-Beamlines）设施中展示使用超高强度激光器的高效伽马射线生成。这项合作由NSF和捷克科学基金会（GACR）之间的合作伙伴关系促成，结合了UCSD所需的理论专业知识，ELI-Beamlines的实验专业知识和通用原子公司的目标制造专业知识。除了研究生培训外，该项目还将为来自代表性不足群体的本科生提供专门的暑期实习机会。高能量光子的发射，比可见光高100万倍，将通过在致密等离子体内部驱动多千兆高斯准静态方位磁场来实现，该等离子体被超高强度激光脉冲变得透明。等离子体电子在将激光能量转换成高能伽马射线的密集束中充当介体。限制方位角的磁场有利于电子从激光获得能量，而磁场内的电子偏转导致电子在激光传播的方向上发射MeV的伽马射线。极强的磁场强度和高电子能量确保了伽马射线发射的高效率。实验将在捷克共和国的ELI-Beamlines激光设施进行。这些激光器达到超高靶向强度的能力是获得所需机制的关键。实验将利用低质量泡沫靶来产生致密的等离子体，其电子密度远高于经典截止密度，但低于实验中使用的激光强度的相对论调整的截止密度。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。