NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship in Biology: Hybridization and the dynamics of morphological and genetic differentiation during evolutionary radiation

NSF 生物学博士后奖学金：进化辐射过程中的杂交以及形态和遗传分化的动态

• 批准号: 2209393
• 负责人: Isaac Lichter Marck
• 金额: $ 20.7万
• 依托单位: Lichter Marck, Isaac H
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209393&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; Postdoctoral; Fellowship; Biology; Hybridization

Fellow's name: Isaac Lichter Marck Proposal number: 2209393Research title: Hybridization and the dynamics of morphological and genetic differentiation during evolutionary radiationSponsoring scientist(s) and host institution(s): Dr. Felipe Zapata, University of California, Los Angeles & Dr. Rosita Scherson, University of ChileThis action funds an NSF Postdoctoral Research Fellowship in Biology for FY 2022, Integrative Research Investigating the Rules of Life Governing Interactions Between Genomes, Environment and Phenotypes. The fellowship supports research and training of the fellow that will contribute to the area of Rules of Life in innovative ways. Variation is the raw material for the process of evolution by natural selection, but where does natural variation come from? One hypothesis is that gene exchange between different species, or hybridization, could bring foreign genes into the gene pool and boost the variation available for evolution. This research will test the role of hybridization in providing the raw material for evolution in a diverse tribe of sunflowers called the rock daisies (Perityleae) found in mountains, islands, and deserts in North and South America. The research will develop statistical tools to understand when hybrids have formed during the recent radiation of the rock daisies using genetics, morphology, and ecology. In documenting the mechanisms generating diversity in this group, the fellow will gain valuable training in hybridization studies and bioinformatics as well as developing teaching modules for free dissemination about how we can better preserve biodiversity for future generations. Hybridization may play a fundamental role during evolutionary radiations through two pathways: by seeding variation via hybridization at the onset (the hybrid origins hypothesis) and by generating variability through reticulation among members of a radiating clade (the syngameon hypothesis). The fellow will test these hypotheses during the radiation of the rock daisies at three scales in which shifts into new adaptive zones occurred. At the sub genome level, the fellow will test whether hybridization arose prior to trans-oceanic dispersal to Guadalupe Island in an allopolyploid island endemic plant (Nesothamnus incanus). At the population level, the fellow will investigate whether hybrid origins of South American rock daisies boosted variation prior to long-distance dispersal, facilitating intercontinental invasion success. In a diverse clade of interest, the fellow will integrate microevolutionary and macroevolutionary data from 57 taxa in the genus Laphamia into a time calibrated framework to reconstruct the dynamics of hybridization, genetic differentiation, and morphological disparification during a biome shift into the North American Deserts. The fellow will gain valuable training in phylogenetic methods and international interdisciplinary collaboration. To broaden participation in science, the fellow will undergraduates, develop bilingual teaching modules in English and Spanish, and distribute novel tools to fellow researchers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究员姓名：Isaac Lichter Marck提案编号：2209393研究题目：进化辐射过程中的杂交和形态与遗传分化动力学赞助科学家和主办机构：加州大学洛杉矶分校Felipe Zapata博士智利大学Rosita Scherson博士该行动为2022财年的NSF生物学博士后研究奖学金提供资金&，综合研究调查基因组，环境和表型之间的生命管理相互作用的规则。该研究金支持研究员的研究和培训，以创新的方式为生活规则领域做出贡献。变异是自然选择进化过程的原材料，但自然变异从何而来？一种假设是，不同物种之间的基因交换，或杂交，可以将外来基因带入基因库，并促进可用于进化的变异。这项研究将测试杂交在为一个名为岩雏菊（Perityleae）的向日葵多样化部落的进化提供原材料方面的作用，该向日葵在北美和南美的山脉，岛屿和沙漠中发现。这项研究将开发统计工具，以了解杂交种是在最近的岩雏菊辐射过程中使用遗传学，形态学和生态学形成的。通过记录这一群体产生多样性的机制，该研究员将获得杂交研究和生物信息学方面的宝贵培训，并将开发免费传播的教学模块，介绍我们如何为后代更好地保护生物多样性。杂交可能通过两种途径在进化辐射过程中发挥重要作用：在开始时通过杂交播种变异（杂交起源假说）和通过辐射分支成员之间的网状化产生变异（配子体假说）。该研究员将在岩雏菊的辐射过程中以三种尺度测试这些假设，其中发生了向新的适应区的转变。在亚基因组水平上，该研究员将测试异源多倍体岛屿特有植物（Nesothamnus incanus）在跨洋传播到瓜达卢佩岛之前是否发生了杂交。在种群水平上，该研究员将调查南美洲岩雏菊的杂交起源是否在长距离传播之前促进了变异，促进了洲际入侵的成功。在感兴趣的多样化分支中，该研究员将把来自Laphamia属57个分类群的微观进化和宏观进化数据整合到一个时间校准的框架中，以重建杂交，遗传分化和形态分化的动态，在生物群系转移到北美沙漠的过程中。该研究员将获得系统发育方法和国际跨学科合作方面的宝贵培训。为了扩大对科学的参与，该研究员将本科生，开发英语和西班牙语的双语教学模块，并向其他研究人员分发新的工具。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。