Formation of Urban Ultrafine Particles in Houston

休斯顿城市超细颗粒物的形成

• 批准号: 2209772
• 负责人: Shan-Hu Lee
• 金额: $ 49.97万
• 依托单位: University of Alabama in Huntsville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2209772&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Formation; Urban; Ultrafine; Particles; Houston

This project focuses on atmospheric processes that can lead to the formation of urban ultrafine particles in the urban atmosphere. Understanding the formation of ultrafine particles is important because they have higher penetration and deposition efficiencies in the lung and have higher toxicity than larger particles. They can also enhance the production of cloud condensation nuclei. This research is relevant for better understanding climate and air quality issues, particularly in urban areas.Two 6-week field campaigns are planned for measuring chemical precursors such as highly oxygenated molecules, and particle sizes and chemical composition with a suite of state-of-the-art aerosol and chemical instrumentation. The field work will be conducted in the metropolitan Houston area due to the variety of emissions for aerosol and gas-phase precursors from oil refineries, power plants, ship channels, urban and marine emissions in the region. The main scientific questions to be addressed are: (1) What is the relative contribution of traffic emissions vs. new particle formation to the urban ultrafine particles in Houston? (2) What is the molecular composition of urban HOMs (highly oxygenated organic molecules) under different temperatures and NOx (NO+N02) conditions? (3) How is urban new particle formation facilitated by different chemical precursors, such as sulfuric acid, ammonia, amines, and HOMs in Houston? This research will support two female faculty members and several graduate students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目侧重于可能导致城市大气中超细颗粒物形成的大气过程。了解超细颗粒的形成很重要，因为它们在肺部的渗透和沉积效率更高，并且比较大颗粒具有更高的毒性。它们还可以增强云凝结核的产生。这项研究有助于更好地了解气候和空气质量问题，特别是在城市地区。计划进行两次为期6周的实地活动，利用一套最先进的气溶胶和化学仪器测量化学前体，如高含氧分子、颗粒大小和化学成分。由于该地区炼油厂、发电厂、船舶通道、城市和海洋排放物的气溶胶和气相前体排放物种类繁多，实地工作将在休斯顿大都市地区进行。主要的科学问题是：（1）交通排放和新颗粒物形成对休斯顿城市超细颗粒物的相对贡献是什么？(2)在不同温度和NOx（NO+ NO2）条件下，城市HOM（高氧有机分子）的分子组成是什么？(3)不同的化学前体，如硫酸、氨、胺和休斯顿的HOM，是如何促进城市新颗粒物的形成的？这项研究将支持两名女教师和几名研究生。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

Effects of boundary layer dynamics and meteorology on ultrafine particle formation and growth

• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2023.119952
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: Atmospheric Environment
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Zachary Watson;L. Tiszenkel;Arastoo Pour Biazar;K. Knupp;Shan‐Hu Lee