Sebacinales community structure in roots and soils along land use gradients of the German Biodiversity Exploratories

德国生物多样性探索中心沿土地利用梯度的根部和土壤中的 Sebacinales 群落结构

• 批准号: 251670471
• 负责人: Dr. Stefan Hempel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Arbeitsgruppe Ökologie der Pflanzen
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/251670471?language=en
• 关键词: Sebacinales; community; structure; roots; soils

Understanding the effects of plant-soil fungal interactions in natural and managed plant communities is of special importance given the increasing awareness that soil biota play a crucial role in plant community assembly and ecosystem functioning. The fungal order of the Sebacinales (Basidiomycota) was recently shown to be present as symptomless endophytes in roots of a vast number of land plants globally by DNA based methods. Despite this wide distribution, very little is know about the ecology of these endophytic Sebacinales, their community structure, and how it is affected by plant community composition and components of land use. This is potentially due to their low abundance in plant roots, which make the application of recently published specific PCR primers necessary.Published data and our preliminary work suggests that Sebacinales communities within one root fragment are very species poor. However, this finding might also be a methodological artifact of the Sanger sequencing applied. We will therefore apply massive parallel sequencing (454 sequencing) on a small set of samples to test whether we can verify these findings.Published systematic diversity assessments of endophytic Sebacinales are still extremely scarce and links between their community composition, environmental factors and host plant characteristics are largely unknown. Due to the large amount of organismic diversity and soil data collected on plot basis, the Biodiversity Exploratories would be ideal to unravel these links. We propose to analyze Sebacinales communities in representative root samples from each grassland EP. Community data will be analyzed for relationships with land use, soil and plant community characteristics. We expect strong effects of soil parameters like pH, negative effects on richness by increasing land use intensity and weak effects of host plant community composition due to low host specificity. Due to the lack of information on the soil phase of Sebacinales, its richness, diversity and factors potentially shaping those attributes, we propose to study Sebacinales communities from soil samples from all grassland EP taken in parallel to the root samples. We will test the hypothesis that Sebacinales fungi found in the soil are in fact the "biological reservoir" for Sebacinales found in the root, indicating the soil phase as the major dispersal pathway. We will also test for effects of land use, soil properties and plant community composition on the Sebacinales communities found in the soil. Knowledge on the soil phase of Sebacinales will have huge implications for the understanding of Sebacinales ecology and soil fungal ecology in general. Due to their seemingly low host specificity, Sebacinales could be important in forming common fungal networks between plant species which can have profound consequences for plant communities, e.g. in terms of plant-plant communication.

了解自然和管理的植物群落中植物-土壤真菌相互作用的影响是特别重要的，因为人们越来越认识到土壤生物区系在植物群落组装和生态系统功能中起着至关重要的作用。最近通过基于DNA的方法显示Sebacinales（Basidiomycota）的真菌目作为无菌内生菌存在于全球大量陆地植物的根中。尽管这种广泛的分布，很少有人知道这些内生Sebacinales的生态，他们的社区结构，以及它是如何受到植物群落组成和组成部分的土地利用。这可能是由于它们在植物根中的丰度低，这使得最近公布的特异性PCR引物的应用是必要的。公布的数据和我们的初步工作表明，在一个根片段内的Sebacinales社区是非常贫穷的物种。然而，这一发现也可能是所应用的桑格测序的方法学假象。因此，我们将应用大量的平行测序（454测序）的一小部分样本，以测试我们是否可以验证这些findings.Published系统的多样性评估的内生Sebacinales仍然是极其稀缺的，其社区组成，环境因素和宿主植物特性之间的联系在很大程度上是未知的。由于在地块基础上收集了大量的有机物多样性和土壤数据，生物多样性探索站将是解开这些联系的理想选择。我们建议分析Sebacinales社区在代表性的根样本从每个草原EP。将分析社区数据与土地利用、土壤和植物群落特征的关系。我们预计，土壤参数，如pH值的强烈影响，丰富的负面影响，增加土地利用强度和宿主植物群落组成的弱影响，由于主机特异性低。由于缺乏有关Sebacinales的土壤阶段，其丰富性，多样性和潜在的因素塑造这些属性的信息，我们建议研究Sebacinales社区从土壤样品从所有草原EP采取平行的根样品。我们将测试的假设，在土壤中发现的Sebacinales真菌实际上是“生物水库”的Sebacinales在根中发现，表明土壤相的主要传播途径。我们还将测试土地利用，土壤性质和植物群落组成对土壤中发现的Sebacinales群落的影响。关于Sebacinales的土壤相的知识将对Sebacinales生态学和土壤真菌生态学的理解产生巨大的影响。由于其看似低的宿主特异性，Sebacinales可能在植物物种之间形成共同的真菌网络方面很重要，这可能对植物群落产生深远的影响，例如在植物-植物通信方面。