RAPID/Collaborative Research: Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Properties of the Ahr Valley and Their Role in Structural Damage During Recent Flooding

快速/合作研究：阿尔河谷的岩土工程和地质环境特性及其在近期洪水期间结构破坏中的作用

• 批准号: 2213768
• 负责人: Michael Gardner
• 金额: $ 6.46万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-04-15 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2213768&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Collaborative; Research; Geotechnical; Geoenvironmental

This Grant for Rapid Response Research (RAPID) award will focus on collecting and processing high resolution, perishable data on the spatial distribution of erosive and depositional patterns in the vicinity of infrastructure and river sections that were affected during the 2021 Western European Floods. These data will be interrogated to provide insight into how channel geometry, flow conditions, the presence of debris, and geotechnical properties affect performance of engineered structures interacting with extreme floods. This is relevant in the context of global climate change where extreme flooding is expected to occur more frequently and at larger magnitudes. Many of the modern structures that were damaged during the flooding in Germany are similar to structures found across the United States and knowledge gained from studying this flooding event will be transferable to the built environment in the United States. Data generated during the project can provide support to update infrastructure design and flood mitigation strategies to meet future demands intensified by climate change.The specific goal of this research is to provide new data and knowledge on the impact of extreme flooding events on infrastructure and the effects of urban land usage and environmental conditions. Through this data collection, a detailed set of case studies that document sediment dynamics in the vicinity of infrastructure and in urban river sections will facilitate identification of features and processes that potentially influence performance of engineered structures during extreme flooding. Geophysical field measurements in the riverbed will include rotary side scan sonar, high resolution chirp sonar, and single beam sonar. This will enable collection of channel bathymetry and sediment stratigraphy, which may reveal novel information on if or how changes in substrata in the upper meter of the river bed play a significant role in sediment mobilization and instability during extreme hydraulic events. Both ground-based and airborne LiDAR surveys will provide high-resolution, 3D models of the riverbanks and surrounding structures, enabling assessment of potential interaction between erosive patterns and structural damage. Multispectral images will be collected using drone-based technology to identify broader erosive and depositional patterns. Geotechnical field measurements will include pocket free fall penetrometer, pocket erodometer, field vane shear, and field fall cone measurements in addition to sample collection for laboratory measurements. The geotechnical observations, coupled with the geophysical and remote sensing data, will enable a comprehensive assessment of how sediments were eroded and transported near engineered structures.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项快速反应研究（Rapid）拨款将重点收集和处理2021年西欧洪水期间受影响的基础设施和河段附近侵蚀和沉积模式空间分布的高分辨率易腐烂数据。通过对这些数据的分析，研究人员将深入了解河道几何形状、水流条件、碎屑的存在以及岩土力学特性如何影响工程结构与极端洪水相互作用的性能。在全球气候变化的背景下，预计极端洪水将更频繁、规模更大，这与此相关。许多在德国洪水中受损的现代建筑与美国各地发现的建筑相似，从研究这次洪水事件中获得的知识将被转移到美国的建筑环境中。项目期间产生的数据可为更新基础设施设计和防洪战略提供支持，以满足气候变化加剧的未来需求。本研究的具体目标是为极端洪水事件对基础设施的影响以及城市土地利用和环境条件的影响提供新的数据和知识。通过这些数据收集，一组详细的案例研究记录了基础设施附近和城市河段的沉积物动态，这将有助于识别在极端洪水期间可能影响工程结构性能的特征和过程。河床的地球物理场测量将包括旋转侧扫描声纳、高分辨率啁啾声纳和单波束声纳。这将使收集河道水深和沉积物地层学成为可能，这可能会揭示在极端水力事件期间，河床上游地层的变化是否或如何在沉积物动员和不稳定中发挥重要作用的新信息。地面和机载激光雷达调查都将提供河岸和周围结构的高分辨率3D模型，从而能够评估侵蚀模式和结构损坏之间的潜在相互作用。将使用无人机技术收集多光谱图像，以确定更广泛的侵蚀和沉积模式。土工现场测量将包括口袋自由落体穿透计，口袋侵蚀计，现场叶片剪切，以及现场落锥测量除了样品收集实验室测量。地质技术观测，加上地球物理和遥感数据，将能够全面评估沉积物如何在工程结构附近被侵蚀和运输。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Multispectral Imaging for Identification of High-Water Marks in Postdisaster Flood Reconnaissance

灾后洪水勘察中识别高水位线的多光谱成像

• DOI: 10.1061/nhrefo.nheng-1735
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Natural Hazards Review
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Gardner, Michael;Nichols, Elliot;Stark, Nina;Lemnitzer, Anne;Frost, David
• 通讯作者: Frost, David