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Frontier Research at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory

吉卡马卡射电天文台的前沿研究

基本信息

批准号：
2213849
负责人：
David Hysell
金额：
$ 865.32万
依托单位：
Cornell University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-02-01 至 2028-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2213849&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Frontier Research Jicamarca Radio Observatory

项目摘要

The ionized portion of the upper atmosphere at the magnetic equator (equatorial ionosphere) is a unique plasma environment which hosts diverse plasma phenomena ranging from equatorial plasma bubbles to small-scale plasma structures. Plasma bubbles and other plasma density structures are known to disturb radio and satellite communications and thus represent a space weather hazard. The Jicamarca Radio Observatory (JRO) near Lima, Perú has been providing high-quality observations of these phenomena and the associated plasma processes for 60 years. JRO is owned and operated by the Peruvian Geophysical Institute (Instituto Geofísico del Perú) with support from an award from the Geospace Facilities program at NSF to Cornell University. JRO is the equatorial anchor of the Geospace Facilities chain and the only such facility that enables experimental investigations of space plasma physics and space weather disturbances near the magnetic equator. Over the years, JRO has undergone continual improvement and upgrades and its centerpiece, the Jicamarca incoherent scatter radar (ISR), is currently the largest ISR in terms of the power-aperture product, a measure of how sensitive the radar is to various plasma disturbances. The work will exploit the JRO’s unique capabilities associated with its location near the magnetic equation and its high sensitivity by focusing on new classes of plasma phenomena and processes unique to the equatorial zone. These include upper-hybrid plasma instability in the daytime 150-km region, lower-hybrid waves in the high topside at night, solar echo experiments, multi-frequency plasma irregularity studies, the effects of Coulomb collisions on the incoherent radar spectrum, and meteor echoes and derived neutral winds. This work will expand relationships with outside researchers and programs through collaborative investigations and by hosting visits from students and professionals; maintain an efficient, diverse management system that is resilient to changes occurring at NSF, Cornell, and in Peru; expand STEM educational opportunities by directly supporting undergraduate and graduate students; and train the next generation of radio scientists through a combination of summer schools, workshops, and hosted visits as well as the creation of curricula and educational materials.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

磁赤道（赤道电离层）上层大气的电离部分是一个独特的等离子体环境，它承载着从赤道等离子体气泡到小尺度等离子体结构的各种等离子体现象。已知等离子体气泡和其他等离子体密度结构会干扰无线电和卫星通信，因此构成空间天气危害。60年来，秘鲁利马附近的希卡马卡射电天文台一直在对这些现象和相关的等离子体过程进行高质量的观测。JRO由秘鲁地球物理研究所（Instituto Geofísico del Perú）拥有和运营，并得到了NSF地球空间设施计划授予康奈尔大学的奖项的支持。JRO是地球空间设施链的赤道锚，也是唯一能够对磁赤道附近的空间等离子体物理学和空间气象扰动进行实验研究的设施。多年来，JRO经历了不断的改进和升级，其核心部件Jicamarca非相干散射雷达（ISR）是目前功率孔径积方面最大的ISR，功率孔径积是衡量雷达对各种等离子体干扰的敏感程度的指标。这项工作将利用JRO的独特能力，其位置靠近磁方程及其高灵敏度，重点是赤道区特有的新的等离子体现象和过程。其中包括白天150公里区域的上混合等离子体不稳定性，夜间高顶侧的低混合波，太阳回波实验，多频等离子体不规则性研究，库仑碰撞对非相干雷达频谱的影响，流星回波和衍生中性风。这项工作将通过合作调查和接待学生和专业人士的访问来扩大与外部研究人员和项目的关系;保持一个高效，多样化的管理系统，以适应NSF，康奈尔大学和秘鲁发生的变化;通过直接支持本科生和研究生来扩大STEM教育机会;并通过暑期学校、研讨会等方式培训下一代无线电科学家，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得支持通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。