Next Millennium Research at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory

该奖项将继续支持希卡马卡射电天文台的运作和科学利用。Jicamarca位于秘鲁利马郊外，是高层大气设施链的赤道锚，也是高层大气学界关于赤道电离层和高层大气的主要信息来源。希卡马卡作为一个非相干和相干散射雷达观测站的能力已经大大扩展，许多科学家使用这些和其他非雷达相关的能力来进行高层大气物理学，等离子体物理学，遥感和信号处理领域的研究。Jicamarca相关研究的重点是用雷达和补充观测来量化赤道电离层的化学、传输、能量学和动力学，然后将结果与理论和模型进行比较。调查分为两个方面：（1）了解稳定的电离层和（2）了解经常存在的不稳定性。Jicamarca的计划包括以下主要升级：（1）安装八个新的数字接收器，（2）建造更多的接收天线模块，（3）完成建造更多的大功率发射机模块，（4）安装电子波束转换，（5）为每个天线区增加接收系统，（6）改善计算机和网络基础设施，（7）增加光学仪器。为了更好地为科学界服务，将（1）改进通用的观测模式（特别是标准非相干散射模式）或特殊模式，用于访问或远程用户，（2）提供观察时间并收集和存档所得到的数据，（3）通过具有合适图形的直观和可访问的数据库提供对数据的访问，（4）尽最大可能允许实时访问数据，（5）将"遗产"数据纳入更新的牧歌数据库。Jicamarca一直是一个有效的教育工具，在其长期与康奈尔大学。康奈尔大学一直是无线电科学和电离层物理学领域博士的主要来源。在Jicamarca完成的研究在康奈尔大学的研究生和本科生课程中找到了方法，许多学生在Jicamarca完成了他们的博士学位。还通过实习和见习对秘鲁人进行了大量的教育宣传。此外，Jicamarca还成为许多秘鲁人在美国（包括但不限于康奈尔大学）或欧洲攻读博士学位的垫脚石。

This award will continue support for the operation and scientific use of the Jicamarca Radio Observatory. Located outside Lima, Peru, Jicamarca is the equatorial anchor of the Upper Atmospheric Facilities chain and is the aeronomy community's main source of information about the equatorial ionosphere and upper atmosphere. Jicamarca's capabilities as an incoherent and coherent scatter radar observatory have expanded enormously and many scientists use these and other non radar-related capabilities to conduct research in areas of aeronomy, plasma physics, remote sensing, and signal processing. Jicamarca-related research is focused on quantifying the chemistry, transport, energetics, and dynamics in the equatorial ionosphere with radar and complementary observations, and then to compare the results with theories and models. The investigations are grouped into two areas: (1) understanding the stable ionosphere and (2) understanding the instabilities that are often present. Plans for Jicamarca include the following major upgrades: (1) the installation of eight new digital receivers, (2) building additional receiving antenna modules, (3) finishing the construction of an additional high power transmitter module, (4) installing electronic beam switching, (5) adding receiving systems for each antenna quarter, (6) improving the computer and network infrastructure, and (7) adding more optical instrumentation. To better serve the scientific community will (1) improve the observing modes of general use (especially standard incoherent scatter modes) or special modes for visiting or remote users, (2) provide observing time and collecting and archiving the data that result, (3) provide access to the data through an intuitive and accessible database with suitable graphics, (4) allow real-time access to the data to the greatest extent possible, and (5) incorporate "heritage" data into the updated Madrigal database. Jicamarca has been an effective educational tool throughout its long association with Cornell. Cornell has been a major source of PhDs in the fields of radio science and ionospheric physics. The research done at Jicamarca finds its way into both graduate and undergraduate courses at Cornell, and many students have done their PhD work at Jicamarca. There is also substantial educational outreach to Peruvians via internships and traineeships. In addition, Jicamarca has served as a steppingstone for many Peruvians to do PhD work in the U.S. (including, but not limited to, Cornell) or Europe.