The Long-Run Causal Effects of Single-Sex High Schools on Adult Outcomes: Survey and Experiments

拟议的研究侧重于教育机构的作用-单一性别的学校（与男女同校的学校）-在影响性别差异的成人对性别和家庭的态度，以及人口和社会经济生活过程的结果。 直到2009年，一个大城市的一项独特政策要求随机分配中学毕业生到高中，无论学校是单性别还是男女同校，公立还是私立。这项政策提供了一个很好的机会来估计单性别学校的因果影响，相比大多数其他情况下，学生或他们的家庭通常选择单性别与男女同校的学校，因此它是具有挑战性的因果推论单性别学校的影响。 确定单一性别的学校教育经历是否会影响与性别有关的态度和人生历程的结果，可以为设计有利于更广泛社会性别平等的学校环境提供信息。 该项目由社会学项目和扩大参与科学项目支持。该项目评估了单一性别的高中经历是否对个人的性别和家庭态度，对竞争，信任和互惠的态度以及30多岁和40多岁的主要人口和社会经济结果产生长期影响。研究小组和其他人之前的研究已经检查了随机高中分配对短期教育成果的影响。 这将研究扩展到成年中期的长期影响。为了获得数据来评估单性别学校对三组结果（态度，人口统计和社会经济结果）的长期因果影响，进行了一项在线调查，以收集2023-24年调查时33-52岁的男性和女性的各种信息，他们在随机分配制度期间从高中毕业。除了传统的调查问题，以衡量个人对性别，家庭，竞争，信任和互惠的态度，小插曲和行为实验也包括在网上调查。这种设计使团队能够捕捉到传统调查问题难以衡量的态度维度，并将调查实验和传统调查问题的见解进行比较。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The proposed research focuses on the roles of an educational institution – single-sex schools (vs. coeducational schools)– in affecting gender differences in adult attitudes toward gender and family as well as demographic and socioeconomic life-course outcomes. A unique policy in a large city until 2009 required random assignment of middle-school graduates to high schools regardless of whether schools were single-sex or coeducational, and public or private. This policy provides an excellent opportunity to estimate causal effects of single-sex schools, compared to most other contexts where students or their families typically select single-sex vs. coeducational schools and thus it is challenging to draw causal inferences on the impacts of single-sex schools. Establishing whether single-sex schooling experiences affect gender-related attitudes and life-course outcomes can inform the design of school environments conducive to gender equality in the broader society. This project is supported by the Sociology Program and the Science of Broadening Participation Program.The project assesses whether single-sex high school experiences have long-run effects on individuals’ gender and family attitudes, attitudes toward competition, trust, and reciprocity, and major demographic and socioeconomic outcomes in their 30s and 40s. Previous studies by the research team and others have examined the impact of the random high-school assignment on short-term educational outcomes. This extends the research to longer-run effects into middle adulthood. In order to have data to assess long-run causal effects of single-sex schools on three sets of outcomes (attitudes, demographic, and socioeconomic outcomes), an online survey is conducted to collect a variety of information on men and women in the ages 33-52 at the time of the survey in 2023-24 who graduated from high schools during the random assignment regime. In addition to traditional survey questions to measure individuals’ attitudes toward gender, family, competition, trust, and reciprocity, vignettes and behavioral experiments also are included in the online survey. This design allows the team to capture attitudinal dimensions that are considered difficult to measure with traditional survey questions and to compare insights from survey experiments and traditional survey questions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.