Partial mycoheterotrophy in orchids

兰花的部分真菌异养

• 批准号: 25187345
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Gerhard Gebauer
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Bayreuther Zentrum für Ökologie und Umweltforschung (BayCEER)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2005-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/25187345?language=en
• 关键词: Partial; mycoheterotrophy; orchids

In the mycorrhizal symbiosis, plants exchange carbohydrates from photosynthesis for mineral nutrients acquired by fungi from the soil. This mutualistic arrangement has been subverted by a few hundreds of mycorrhizal plant species that lack the ability to photosynthesize. The most numerous examples of this mycoheterotrophic nutrition are found among the orchid family. Although chlorophyll free orchid species are known since long to be mycoheterotrophic, green orchids have been thought until recently to be fully autotrophic. Recent data of C and N stable isotope abundances together with molecular ecological identification of fungi in orchid roots, however, provide evidence that at least some of the green orchids (i) gain C and N partially at the cost of fungi and (ii) switch the fungal partner towards mycorrhizas with ectomycorrhizal fungi of forest trees. This project aims to deepen our knowledge (i) on the distribution of this partially mycoheterotrophic nutrition among terrestrial orchids by including a broader spectrum of orchid habitats and taxonomic groups and (ii) on the environmental conditions (light climate, nitrogen availability as limiting factors) under which this hitherto unknown plant nutritional mode occurs.

在菌根共生中，植物用光合作用产生的碳水化合物交换真菌从土壤中获得的矿质养分。这种共生的安排已经被几百种缺乏光合作用能力的菌根植物物种所破坏。这种真菌异养营养的最大量的例子是在兰花家族中发现的。尽管人们早就知道无叶绿素的兰花是真菌异养的，但直到最近，绿色兰花才被认为是完全自养的。然而，最近的C和N稳定同位素丰度数据以及真菌在兰花根中的分子生态鉴定提供了证据，证明至少有一些绿色兰花(i)以真菌为代价部分获得C和N， （ii）将真菌伴侣与森林树木的外生菌根真菌转换为菌根。该项目旨在加深我们的知识(i)通过包括更广泛的兰花栖息地和分类群，了解这种部分真菌异养营养在陆生兰花中的分布；（ii）了解这种迄今为止未知的植物营养模式发生的环境条件（光照气候，氮有效性作为限制因素）。

项目成果

Stable isotope signatures confirm carbon and nitrogen gain through ectomycorrhizas in the ghost orchid Epipogium aphyllum Swartz.

稳定同位素特征证实鬼兰Epipogium aphyllum Swartz通过外生菌根获得碳和氮

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1438-8677.2010.00369.x
• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Plant biology
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Liebel H.T;Gebauer G.
• 通讯作者: Gebauer G.

Are carbon and nitrogen exchange between fungi and the orchid Goodyera repens affected by irradiance?

• DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcu240
• 发表时间: 2015-02-01
• 期刊: ANNALS OF BOTANY
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Liebel, Heiko T.;Bidartondo, Martin I.;Gebauer, Gerhard
• 通讯作者: Gebauer, Gerhard

The ectomycorrhizal specialist orchid Corallorhiza trifida is a partial myco-heterotroph.

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02362.x
• 发表时间: 2008-04
• 期刊: The New phytologist
• 作者: K. Zimmer;Cornelia Meyer;G. Gebauer

A methodological approach to improve estimates of nutrient gains by partially myco-heterotrophic plants

改进部分真菌异养植物养分增益估计的方法学方法

• DOI: 10.1080/10256010802507458
• 发表时间: 2008
• 期刊: Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Preiss K;Gebauer G.
• 通讯作者: Gebauer G.

Carbon and nitrogen gain during the growth of orchid seedlings in nature.

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.12688
• 发表时间: 2014-04
• 期刊: The New phytologist
• 作者: Marcus Stöckel;T. Těšitelová;J. Jersáková;M. Bidartondo;G. Gebauer