Doctoral Dissertation Research in Economics: Collective Action in State and Society

经济学博士论文研究：国家与​​社会的集体行动

• 批准号: 2214884
• 负责人: Carol Shiue
• 金额: $ 1.99万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2214884&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Economics; Collective

Collective action can, in some cases, foment revolutions and precipitate institutional change and new state formations. This project will investigate two instances of collective action. The Co-PI will first investigate whether differences in the historical capacity for collective action helps to explain the effectiveness of a specific land reform campaign. The second project explores the role of labor management and labor strikes. This project looks at the development of labor strikes during a period when firm management methods and union membership varied widely from firm to firm. Motivating questions concern the role of foreign management and the role of capital adoption in organized labor strikes, as well as the roles of industrialization, globalization, and their interaction with organized labor. The two projects will be of interest to a wide audience, and the lessons learned could be used to understanding how collective action and collective organizations arise and achieve cohesion in different times and places. The projects will also create new datasets from the historical documentation of local histories, which is a rich source of information about cultures and belief systems, and make them accessible to other researchers.In this research, the co-PI will collect historical data on major episodes of collective action in recent economic history in order to obtain a better understanding of the role of collectivist organization and its historical determinants. The first project will result in the digitization of millions of death records from the Chinese Civil War (1945-1949) and statistics at the county level from local historical gazetteers. These data will be used to assess (1) the impact of land redistribution to farmers at a regional level (2) the influence of different factors, such as opportunity cost, free-rider problems, and coercion on land reform; (3) the impact of regional collective organization on the effectiveness of land reform and war mobilization. This project contributes to the economic literature by examining how land reform played a role in civil conflicts in China. In the second project, the co-PI will digitize detailed records of labor strikes in the 19th century when the historical context allows us to observe a diversity of foreign-owned and Chinese firms, communist versus non-communist union sponsorship, and strike outcomes. These data will be used to assess the factors that contributed to the probability of success in a strike. Using a simple framework that hypothesizes strikes are most likely to succeed where the workers have the largest potential gain over collective action, the project exploits the rich historical data to factors that may have contributed to the explanation of employers' or employees' bargaining power at the firm or industry level. The results will contribute to our understanding of how China’s early experience with labor management fits in with the global history that has so far tended to focus almost exclusively on Europe and the United States.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在某些情况下，集体行动可以煽动革命，促进体制变革和新国家的形成。这个项目将调查两个集体行动的例子。共同参与者将首先调查集体行动历史能力的差异是否有助于解释具体土地改革运动的有效性。第二个项目探讨劳动管理和罢工的作用。这个项目着眼于在企业管理方法和工会成员因企业而异的时期，工人罢工的发展。动机问题涉及外国管理的作用和资本采用在有组织的劳工罢工中的作用，以及工业化、全球化的作用及其与有组织的劳工的相互作用。这两个项目将引起广大受众的兴趣，所吸取的经验教训可用于了解集体行动和集体组织如何在不同的时间和地点产生和实现凝聚力。该项目还将从地方历史的历史文献中创建新的数据集，这是文化和信仰体系的丰富信息来源，并使其他研究人员可以访问这些数据集。在这项研究中，co-PI将收集近代经济史上集体行动的主要事件的历史数据，以便更好地了解集体主义组织的作用及其历史决定因素。第一个项目将导致中国内战（1945-1949）的数百万死亡记录和地方历史地名词典的县级统计数字化。这些数据将被用于评估（1）在区域水平上向农民重新分配土地的影响;（2）不同因素（如机会成本、搭便车问题和强制）对土地改革的影响;（3）区域集体组织对土地改革和战争动员效果的影响。本项目通过研究土地改革如何在中国的国内冲突中发挥作用，为经济文献做出了贡献。在第二个项目中，联合PI将详细记录19世纪世纪的工人罢工，当时的历史背景使我们能够观察到外资和中资企业的多样性，共产主义与非共产主义工会的赞助，以及罢工的结果。这些数据将被用来评估影响袭击成功概率的因素。该项目利用一个简单的框架，假设罢工最有可能在工人对集体行动有最大潜在收益的地方取得成功，利用丰富的历史数据来解释可能有助于解释雇主或雇员在公司或行业一级讨价还价能力的因素。研究结果将有助于我们理解中国早期的劳动管理经验如何与迄今为止几乎只关注欧洲和美国的全球历史相吻合。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估而被认为值得支持。