MRI: Acquisition of a state-of-the-art Fabry-Perot interferometer to measure upper atmosphere winds and temperatures for He, OH, and O nightglow and auroral emissions

了解和预测所有空间天气活动条件下的热层风和温度对于确定卫星阻力非常重要。这里提出的系统将产生前所未有的风和温度的测量，超出目前可用的测量，不仅导致对卫星阻力的理解的转型变化，而且导致无数空间科学中悬而未决的问题。风的测量具有重要的社会意义，因为它们对空间天气研究和全球环流模型理解和预测空间天气非常重要。从该系统中部署、操作和分析数据将为本科生、研究生和研究生提供当代STEM主题的机会，从仪器进步到大数据等。该项目具有良好的潜力，影响较大。该项目旨在通过获得具有高灵敏度的法布里-珀罗干涉仪来测量热层中的风和温度，该干涉仪将能够测量MLT区域非常微弱的气辉发射。大的热层垂直风与应用质量连续性方程利用观测风场的水平散度预测的结果不一致。解决这种差异所需的测量并不存在，因此突出表明迫切需要改进目前的遥感技术。该观测系统将产生前所未有的风和温度测量结果，超出目前可用的测量结果，从而导致空间科学的转型变化。额外的好处是Fabry-Perot系统的可移植性，从而使合作研究成为可能。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Understanding and predicting thermospheric winds and temperatures during all conditions of space weather activity is important in the determination of satellite drag. The system proposed herein will yield unprecedented measurements of winds and temperatures beyond that which are currently available, leading to transformational changes in the understanding of not only satellite drag, but of a myriad of outstanding questions in the space sciences. The wind measurements have societal significance as they are important for space weather research and global circulation models to understand and predict space weather. Deployment, operation, and analysis of the data from this proposed system will enable undergraduate, graduate, and post-graduate opportunities in contemporary STEM topics, ranging from instrumentation advancement to Big Data and beyond. The project has good potential for high impact. The project aims to measure winds and temperature in the thermosphere through an acquisition of a Fabry-Perot interferometer with high sensitivity that will enable the measurements of very weak airglow emissions in the MLT region. Large thermospheric vertical winds are inconsistent with what the application of the mass continuity equation would predict using the horizontal divergence of the observed wind field. The measurements needed to resolve the discrepancy are nonexistent, thus highlighting the compelling need for advancement in the current remote sensing technologies. The observing system will yield unprecedented measurements of winds and temperatures beyond that which are currently available, leading to transformational changes in the space sciences. The added benefit is the portability of the Fabry-Perot system thus enabling collaborative studies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.