Doctoral Dissertation Research: Landscape Mitogenomics and High Altitude Adaptation in Primates

博士论文研究：景观丝裂基因组学和灵长类动物的高海拔适应

• 批准号: 2216667
• 负责人: Christopher Schmitt
• 金额: $ 2.27万
• 依托单位: Trustees of Boston University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2216667&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Landscape; Mitogenomics

Genetic diversity is important to the survival of endangered species and depends on a species’ ability to disperse across landscapes to share genetic variation between groups. This doctoral dissertation project uses transformative genomic methods to examine the population genetics and dispersal ability of a critically endangered primate, to better understand the influence of human activities on population structure, the status of geographically isolated groups, and potential genetic adaptations to high-elevation environments. While conducting field work, the doctoral student works with international research collaborators who will also aid in initiating conservation educational programming in communities near sampled primate habitats. The doctoral student also records video blogs during lab and field work, to be shared as part of educational programming focused on conservation genetics for high school students. The project examines dispersal ability and overall conservation status of a rare primate using transformative genomics methods. Fecal samples collected from several groups of wild primates are processed in order to sequence the whole mitochondrial genome using portable genomics technologies. Haplotype and nucleotide diversity statistics along with phylogenomic methods are used to differentiate between populations and are combined with GIS-based landscape quantification to assess population connectivity and the impact of human-induced habitat fragmentation. Genome-based assessments of selection on mitochondrial loci related to oxygen use efficiency are used to assess potential physiological limitations to dispersal based on altitude in this species. This project can validate the process of using non-invasively collected fecal samples and local, portable field lab equipment to sequence whole mitochondrial genomes for the purpose of species-wide population genetics. The outcomes of this study may also reveal important factors of landscape, environment and migratory behavior that impact gene flow between populations, which can guide local conservation stakeholders regarding protected area formation, corridor formation or maintenance for migration and gene flow, and where community-based conservation programs may be most needed.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

遗传多样性对濒危物种的生存很重要，取决于物种在不同景观中分散的能力，以在群体之间分享遗传变异。这个博士论文项目使用变革性的基因组方法来研究极度濒危灵长类动物的种群遗传学和扩散能力，以更好地了解人类活动对种群结构的影响，地理隔离群体的地位以及对高海拔环境的潜在遗传适应。在进行实地工作的同时，博士生与国际研究合作者合作，他们还将帮助在采样的灵长类动物栖息地附近的社区启动保护教育计划。这位博士生还在实验室和实地工作期间录制视频博客，作为高中生保护遗传学教育计划的一部分进行分享。该项目利用变革性基因组学方法研究了一种稀有灵长类动物的扩散能力和整体保护状况。从几组野生灵长类动物收集的粪便样本进行处理，以便使用便携式基因组学技术对整个线粒体基因组进行测序。单倍型和核苷酸多样性统计沿着与基因组方法用于区分人口和基于GIS的景观量化相结合，以评估人口的连接性和人类引起的栖息地破碎化的影响。基于基因组的评估选择线粒体基因座相关的氧利用效率，用于评估潜在的生理限制，以分散在这个物种的海拔高度。该项目可以验证使用非侵入性收集的粪便样本和当地便携式现场实验室设备对全线粒体基因组进行测序的过程，以实现物种范围的群体遗传学目的。这项研究的结果还可能揭示影响种群间基因流动的景观、环境和迁徙行为的重要因素，这可以指导当地保护利益相关者关于保护区的形成、走廊的形成或维持，以促进迁移和基因流动，在那里，社区-该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过评估使用基金会的学术价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。