BRC-BIO Interactive effects of warming and drought on physiological and growth responses of boreal and temperate tree seedlings: A PUI Research Initiative

BRC-BIO 变暖和干旱对北方和温带树苗生理和生长反应的交互影响：PUI 研究计划

• 批准号: 2217431
• 负责人: Kerrie Sendall
• 金额: $ 50.3万
• 依托单位: Rider University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2217431&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: BRC; BIO; Interactive; effects; warming

Drought negatively affects the growth and survival of forests worldwide. In particular, in areas where air and soil temperatures are increasing, water becomes particularly limiting due to excess evaporation of water from plants and soil. In this project, the combined effect of warming and drought on tree seedling growth and physiological processes such as rates of photosynthesis will be investigated using both the existing Boreal Forest Warming at an Ecotone in Danger (B4WarmED) experiment in northern Minnesota, as well as new common garden and laboratory-based experiments at Rider University in central New Jersey. This research will allow for more precise quantification and understanding of how soil moisture affects the sensitivity of plants to warming, which could have significant societal benefits related to forest management and habitat restoration. This project will also implement a course-based undergraduate research experience plant biology class at Rider University, a primarily undergraduate institution. This course will enhance the research skills and professional development of undergraduate students by using structured, inquiry-based projects addressing novel questions about mechanisms that control plant growth and development. Encouraging scientists from underrepresented groups will be a main focus of undergraduate education and outreach activities.This research will expand the knowledge and tools needed to predict how forest species will respond to climate change; in particular, how tree seedling growth, survival, and underlying physiological traits will be affected by the interaction between climate warming and changes in water availability. Few manipulative studies have directly assessed the interactive effects of varying temperature and precipitation regimes on plant communities, despite a variety of model analyses suggesting that these two factors will interact and affect species in ways that are unpredictable from single-factor experiments. We will utilize an ongoing climate change experiment in northern Minnesota (B4WarmED), while also expanding aspects of this long-term experiment to the Rider University campus in New Jersey. While prior research at the B4WarmED experiment has observed positive effects of warming on plant physiology and growth of some species (e.g., sugar maple, bur oak), it is predicted that a reduced water supply will offset these positive effects and lead to more negative plant responses. The proposed project will quantify leaf physiological traits (e.g., photosynthesis, water potential) using both in situ and laboratory-grown seedlings, which have been shown in prior studies to be highly predictive of plant growth strategies and/or mortality responses in different environments. Results from this project will be published in scholarly journals, disseminated at regional and international conferences, and integrated into undergraduate courses at Rider University.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

干旱对全球森林的生长和生存产生负面影响。特别是，在空气和土壤温度升高的地区，由于植物和土壤中的水过量蒸发，水变得特别限制。在该项目中，将使用现有的在明尼苏达州北部的危险（B4Warmed）实验的Ecotone（B4Warmed）实验的Ecotone，以及新的新吉尔斯大学Rider University的新型普通花园实验的现有北方森林变暖（B4WARMED）实验的现有北方森林变暖（B4WARMED）实验中的现有北方森林变暖，以及在新吉尔吉尔斯市中心的新型普通花园实验。这项研究将使对土壤水分如何影响植物对变暖的敏感性有更精确的量化和理解，这可能具有与森林管理和栖息地恢复有关的重大社会利益。该项目还将在主要是本科机构的Rider University的基于课程的本科研究经验植物生物学课程。本课程将通过使用基于结构化的基于询问的项目来提高本科生的研究技能和专业发展，该项目解决有关控制植物生长和发展的机制的新颖问题。鼓励来自代表性不足的群体的科学家将是本科教育和外展活动的主要重点。这项研究将扩大所需的知识和工具，以预测森林物种将如何应对气候变化；特别是，树幼苗生长，生存和潜在的生理特征将如何受到气候变暖与水可用性变化之间的相互作用的影响。尽管有多种模型分析表明，这两个因素将以单因素实验无法预测的方式相互作用，但很少有操纵研究直接评估了不同温度和降水状态对植物群落的互动效果。我们将利用明尼苏达州北部（B4Warmed）进行的持续的气候变化实验，同时还将这项长期实验的方面扩展到了新泽西州的骑手大学校园。虽然先前在B4 -Warmed实验上进行的研究观察到变暖对某些物种的植物生理和生长（例如糖枫，Bur Oak）的积极影响，但可以预测，减少的供水将抵消这些积极作用，并导致更负面的植物反应。拟议的项目将使用原位和实验室生长的幼苗来量化叶片生理特征（例如，光合作用，水潜能），在先前的研究中已证明，这些幼苗在不同环境中高度预测了植物生长策略和/或死亡率。该项目的结果将在学术期刊上发表，在区域和国际会议上传播，并融入骑手大学的本科课程中。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准通过评估来进行评估的。