Collaborative Research: Active and Passive Seismic Imaging of the Three-Dimensional Structure and Magma System beneath the Summit of Kilauea Volcano

合作研究：基拉韦厄火山顶下三维结构和岩浆系统的主动和被动地震成像

• 批准号: 2218646
• 负责人: Steven Roecker
• 金额: $ 16.16万
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2218646&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Active; Passive; Seismic

In 2018, the Kilauea volcano in Hawai’i experienced its largest Lower East Rift Zone eruption and caldera collapse in over 200 years. While much was learned from the massive magma drainage and surface collapse, there remains little knowledge about the magma plumbing system beneath the collapsed summit and the migration of magma to the East Rift Zone. A detailed model of Kilauea’s magmatic system is critical for addressing questions related to magma evolution and transport in volcanic systems. This project partners with the United States Geologic Survey and applies active and passive seismic surveys along with novel geophysical techniques to provide a high-resolution three-dimensional image of the subsurface summit structure after the 2018 collapse. The project will result in an unprecedented image of the magma plumbing system in an active volcano which is of critical importance for predicting magma storage and transport prior to future eruptions and reducing potential economic and societal losses. The seismic dataset and high-resolution modeling provide a template for fundamental breakthroughs at other active volcanic systems. This project provides support and training for several graduate and undergraduate students.This project integrates an active-passive-source investigation of the Kilauea summit in Hawai’i with a temporary three-component nodal array to provide the high-resolution seismic images needed to gain new insights into the magma plumbing system. The data from the seismic survey are used for a battery of processing techniques including arrival-time tomography, earthquake relocation, full waveform inversion, surface wave imaging, ambient-noise tomography, and joint inversions with gravity and magnetotelluric data. The work provides an unprecedented seismic wavefield dataset and structural resolution for the summit area of Kilauea volcano. Independent, upper-crustal velocity of primary and surface wave constraints are invaluable in improving accuracies of earthquake hypocenters and the resolution of deeper structure using earthquake arrival time and ambient-noise data. The attendant insights into structure and composition help evaluate the potential of future seismic and volcanic hazards in Hawai’i. The geophysical record obtained in this project are also linked to the geochemistry of subsequently erupted olivine and glasses to establish a link between geochemical signals and reservoir geometry and distribution within the volcanic edifice. This project is an integral part of a larger collaborative effort between the investigators and United States Geologic Survey researchers that brings together a broad spectrum of geophysical imaging techniques, along with geodynamics and petrology, in a coordinated effort.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2018年，夏威夷的基拉韦厄火山经历了200多年来最大的下东裂谷带喷发和火山口坍塌。虽然从大规模的岩浆排泄和地表塌陷中了解到了很多，但对塌陷山顶下的岩浆管道系统和岩浆向东裂谷带的迁移仍然知之甚少。基拉韦厄岩浆系统的详细模型对于解决与火山系统中岩浆演化和运输有关的问题至关重要。该项目与美国地质调查局合作，采用主动和被动地震调查沿着新的地球物理技术，提供2018年坍塌后地下山顶结构的高分辨率三维图像。该项目将产生一个活火山岩浆管道系统的前所未有的图像，这对于预测未来爆发前的岩浆储存和运输以及减少潜在的经济和社会损失至关重要。地震数据集和高分辨率建模为其他活火山系统的根本突破提供了模板。该项目为几名研究生和本科生提供支助和培训，该项目将夏威夷基拉韦厄峰的主动-被动震源调查与临时三分量节点阵列相结合，以提供获得对岩浆管道系统的新认识所需的高分辨率地震图像。来自地震勘测的数据用于一系列处理技术，包括到达时间层析成像、地震重定位、全波形反演、表面波成像、环境噪声层析成像以及与重力和大地电磁数据的联合反演。这项工作为基拉韦厄火山顶区提供了前所未有的地震波场数据集和构造分辨率。独立的，上地壳速度的主要和表面波的约束是非常宝贵的，在提高精度的地震震源和分辨率的更深的结构，使用地震到达时间和环境噪声数据。伴随而来的对结构和成分的深入了解有助于评估夏威夷未来地震和火山灾害的潜力。在这个项目中获得的地球物理记录也与随后喷发的橄榄石和玻璃的地球化学相联系，以建立地球化学信号与火山建筑物内储层几何形状和分布之间的联系。该项目是调查人员和美国地质调查局研究人员之间更大的合作努力的一个组成部分，该合作努力将广泛的地球物理成像技术与地球动力学和岩石学沿着协调起来。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。