Collaborative Research: Active and Passive Seismic Imaging of the Three-Dimensional Structure and Magma System beneath the Summit of Kilauea Volcano

合作研究：基拉韦厄火山顶下三维结构和岩浆系统的主动和被动地震成像

• 批准号: 2218646
• 负责人: Steven Roecker
• 金额: $ 16.16万
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2218646&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Active; Passive; Seismic

In 2018, the Kilauea volcano in Hawai’i experienced its largest Lower East Rift Zone eruption and caldera collapse in over 200 years. While much was learned from the massive magma drainage and surface collapse, there remains little knowledge about the magma plumbing system beneath the collapsed summit and the migration of magma to the East Rift Zone. A detailed model of Kilauea’s magmatic system is critical for addressing questions related to magma evolution and transport in volcanic systems. This project partners with the United States Geologic Survey and applies active and passive seismic surveys along with novel geophysical techniques to provide a high-resolution three-dimensional image of the subsurface summit structure after the 2018 collapse. The project will result in an unprecedented image of the magma plumbing system in an active volcano which is of critical importance for predicting magma storage and transport prior to future eruptions and reducing potential economic and societal losses. The seismic dataset and high-resolution modeling provide a template for fundamental breakthroughs at other active volcanic systems. This project provides support and training for several graduate and undergraduate students.This project integrates an active-passive-source investigation of the Kilauea summit in Hawai’i with a temporary three-component nodal array to provide the high-resolution seismic images needed to gain new insights into the magma plumbing system. The data from the seismic survey are used for a battery of processing techniques including arrival-time tomography, earthquake relocation, full waveform inversion, surface wave imaging, ambient-noise tomography, and joint inversions with gravity and magnetotelluric data. The work provides an unprecedented seismic wavefield dataset and structural resolution for the summit area of Kilauea volcano. Independent, upper-crustal velocity of primary and surface wave constraints are invaluable in improving accuracies of earthquake hypocenters and the resolution of deeper structure using earthquake arrival time and ambient-noise data. The attendant insights into structure and composition help evaluate the potential of future seismic and volcanic hazards in Hawai’i. The geophysical record obtained in this project are also linked to the geochemistry of subsequently erupted olivine and glasses to establish a link between geochemical signals and reservoir geometry and distribution within the volcanic edifice. This project is an integral part of a larger collaborative effort between the investigators and United States Geologic Survey researchers that brings together a broad spectrum of geophysical imaging techniques, along with geodynamics and petrology, in a coordinated effort.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

2018年，夏威夷的Kilauea火山在200多年来经历了其最大的下东裂谷地区喷发和火山口倒塌。尽管从巨大的岩浆排水和表面崩溃中学到了很多东西，但对倒塌的山顶下方以及岩浆迁移到东裂谷区域的岩浆管道系统几乎没有知识。 Kilauea岩浆系统的详细模型对于解决与岩浆进化和火山系统中的运输有关的问题至关重要。该项目与美国地质调查合作，并应用了主动和被动的地震调查以及新型的地球物理技术，以在2018年崩溃后提供高分辨率的三维图像。该项目将导致活跃火山中岩浆粉碎系统的前所未有的形象，这对于预测未来爆发之前的岩浆存储和运输至关重要，并减少潜在的经济和社会损失。地震数据集和高分辨率建模为其他活跃火山系统的基本突破提供了模板。该项目为几位研究生和本科生提供了支持和培训。该项目集成了夏威夷基拉韦阿峰会的主动源源投资，并提供了一个临时的三成分nodal阵列，以提供为岩浆岩浆系统获得新见解所需的高分辨率地震图像。地震调查的数据用于一系列处理技术，包括到达时间层析成像，地震迁移，全波形反演，表面波成像，环境噪声层析成像以及具有重力和磁性数据的关节反转。这项工作为Kilauea火山的山顶区域提供了前所未有的地震波场数据集和结构分辨率。一级和表面波限制的独立，上皮的速度在提高地震低中心的准确性以及使用地震到达时间和环境噪声数据的深层结构方面非常宝贵。对结构和构图的伴随洞察力有助于评估夏威夷未来地震和火山危害的潜力。该项目中获得的地球物理记录也与随后爆发的橄榄石和玻璃的地球化学有关，以在火山建筑物内建立地球化学信号与储层几何形状与分布之间建立联系。该项目是研究人员与美国地质调查研究人员之间更大的合作努力的组成部分，该研究人员将广泛的地球物理成像技术以及地球力学和岩石学融合在一起。