Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award: Work Allocation in a Traditional Society

博士论文改进奖：传统社会中的工作分配

• 批准号: 2219394
• 负责人: Hannah Mattson
• 金额: $ 2.17万
• 依托单位: University of New Mexico
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2219394&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Work

This project analyzes fingerprint impressions found on corrugated ceramic vessels to better understand how societies adapt gendered production in response to cultural change. Previous research on gendered divisions of labor largely portrays these roles as static rather than as dynamic, adaptive processes where roles and boundaries are constantly renegotiated. Today gender and the role it plays in the society occupies a substantial place in public discourse. What constitutes “appropriate” gender roles are constantly being renegotiated, debated, and legislated in the United States. Discussions of how past societies navigated changing gendered divisions of labor contributes greatly to these current debates by providing much needed nuance and context on topics that defy simple answers. This work will be shared in a variety of media ranging from peer-reviewed literature to public talks and workshops. The work will be shared with cultural resource staff from the Pueblos who trace their ancestry to the sites explored in this study. Ultimately, the goal of this information sharing is to foster greater collaboration between local Pueblo communities and the University of New Mexico as well as incorporating more Indigenous perspectives into academic archaeology. The research is being conducted on a sample of ceramic material from five sites in the Middle Rio Grande of central New Mexico (MRG). During an extended time period, diverse groups coalesced into some of the largest communities seen in the region until the industrial era. New architectural, technological, religious, and trade practices emerged to help knit these communities together during a dynamic period of change. Pottery making practices changed alongside these other developments transforming from manufacture for local consumption to surplus production for exchange. This research tests the prediction that as demand for ceramics increased, changes in the gendered division of labor were required to help meet new production needs. To accomplish this, the project analyzes fingerprint impressions found on locally produced corrugated ceramics. These frequently preserve fingerprint impressions, the complex pattern of ridges and furrows on human palmar skin, which can reliably be used for sex estimation. These fingerprint data will serve as a proxy for gender and be compared between sites, time periods, and different ceramic types. New radiometric dates will be used to build a chronological model of gendered labor divisions. The research will generate and refine new analytical methods for addressing questions of gendered labor in the past.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这个项目分析了在瓦楞陶瓷器皿上发现的指纹印记，以更好地了解社会如何适应文化变化的性别生产。以前关于性别分工的研究大多将这些角色描述为静态的，而不是动态的、适应性的过程，角色和边界不断地重新谈判。今天，性别及其在社会中扮演的角色在公共话语中占据着重要的地位。在美国，什么是“适当的”性别角色正在不断地被重新谈判、辩论和立法。关于过去社会如何应对不断变化的性别分工的讨论，通过就无法简单回答的话题提供亟需的细微差别和背景，极大地促进了当前的辩论。这项工作将在各种媒体上分享，从同行评议的文献到公开演讲和研讨会。这项工作将与普韦布洛人的文化资源工作人员分享，他们可以追溯到这项研究中探索的遗址的祖先。最终，这种信息共享的目标是促进当地普韦布洛社区和新墨西哥大学之间的更大合作，并将更多的土著观点纳入学术考古学。这项研究是在新墨西哥州中部格兰德河中段(MRG)五个地点的陶瓷材料样本上进行的。在一段较长的时间内，不同的群体合并成了该地区一些最大的社区，直到工业时代。出现了新的建筑、技术、宗教和贸易实践，帮助这些社区在一个充满活力的变化时期结合在一起。随着这些其他发展，陶器制造方法也发生了变化，从为本地消费而制造转变为为交换而过剩的生产。这项研究验证了一种预测，即随着对陶瓷的需求增加，需要改变性别分工，以帮助满足新的生产需求。为了做到这一点，该项目分析了当地生产的瓦楞陶瓷上发现的指纹印记。这些通常保存了指纹印记，即人类手掌皮肤上复杂的脊纹和皱纹，可以可靠地用于性别判断。这些指纹数据将作为性别的代理，并在地点、时间段和不同陶瓷类型之间进行比较。新的辐射测量日期将用于建立按性别划分的劳动分工的时间模型。这项研究将产生和改进新的分析方法来解决过去的性别劳工问题。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。