Collaborative Research: EAR Climate - Pairing calcium and clumped isotopes to inform carbon cycle and climate dynamics at the onset of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age

合作研究：EAR 气候 - 将钙和聚集同位素配对，以了解晚古生代冰河时代开始时的碳循环和气候动态

• 批准号: 2221963
• 负责人: Kristin Bergmann
• 金额: $ 24.89万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2221963&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; EAR; Climate; Pairing

Past climates are relevant to understanding how sensitive the Earth system is to rising greenhouse gas levels like carbon dioxide. The Late Paleozoic Ice Age from 350 to 290 million years ago was the longest-lived glaciated period of the past half-billion years and represents an important opportunity to study the coupling between Earth’s climate and the global carbon cycle. Although the challenge in deep time studies is the need to rely on ‘proxies’ for climate rather than direct measurements, recent advances provide new opportunities to understand the full range of natural variability in the climate system that informs our future. This project will develop novel isotope proxies to understand the role of land plant evolution on organic carbon burial, atmospheric carbon dioxide, and temperature at the beginning of the Late Paleozoic Ice Age. Benefits will include training of early career scientists, including those from under-represented groups, and developing hands-on demonstrations aimed at improving student understanding of the delicate balance between carbon inputs and outputs to Earth’s atmosphere. The proposed research on the Late Paleozoic Ice Age will investigate important questions that have hindered progress towards understanding the relationship between global carbon cycling and climate: 1) diagenetic influences on stable carbon isotopes in shallow water carbonates that are used as a proxy for carbon cycling and 2) the role of temperature versus ice volume in marine oxygen isotope records. To test hypotheses of diagenesis versus global carbon cycling and temperature versus ice volume, this research will utilize the novel calcium and clumped isotope systems. Calcium has the advantage of providing insight on the impact of diagenesis on measured carbon isotopes whereas clumped isotopes record temperature but are unaffected by mineralogy, precipitation rate, or the isotopic evolution of seawater. Calcium and clumped isotopes may transform our understanding of Earth history and this study will benefit research approaches over a range of spatial and temporal scales.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

过去的气候与了解地球系统对二氧化碳等温室气体水平上升的敏感程度有关。3.5亿至2.9亿年前的晚古生代冰期是过去5亿年中最长的冰川期，是研究地球气候与全球碳循环之间耦合关系的重要机会。虽然在深时间研究的挑战是需要依赖于“代理”的气候，而不是直接测量，最近的进展提供了新的机会，了解气候系统的自然变异的全方位，为我们的未来。该项目将开发新的同位素替代物，以了解晚古生代冰期开始时陆地植物演化对有机碳埋藏，大气二氧化碳和温度的作用。其好处将包括培训早期职业科学家，包括来自代表性不足群体的科学家，以及开发旨在提高学生对地球大气层碳输入和输出之间微妙平衡的理解的实践演示。对晚古生代冰期的拟议研究将调查阻碍理解全球碳循环与气候之间关系的重要问题：1）成岩作用对浅水碳酸盐中稳定碳同位素的影响，用作碳循环的替代品; 2）海洋氧同位素记录中温度与冰体积的作用。为了验证成岩作用与全球碳循环和温度与冰体积的假设，这项研究将利用新的钙和聚集同位素系统。钙的优点是提供洞察成岩作用对测得的碳同位素的影响，而聚集的同位素记录温度，但不受矿物学，沉淀率，或海水的同位素演变。钙和聚集的同位素可能会改变我们对地球历史的理解，这项研究将有利于在一系列空间和时间尺度上的研究方法。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。