Collaborative Research: Reimagining Policing by Making Neighborhoods Safe and Strong

合作研究：通过让社区变得安全和强大来重新构想警务

• 批准号: 2222511
• 负责人: James Nolan
• 金额: $ 12.63万
• 依托单位: West Virginia University Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2222511&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Reimagining; Policing; Making

The project will build on and adapt the Police and Community Engagement (PACE) program to study the conditions that build safe and strong communities. Through the cultivation of collaborative and sustained dialogues between the police, residents, and other community resources and stakeholders, the PACE model enables collective understanding, strengthens relationships, and coordinates actions that build strong and safe places. The PIs propose situational policing as a theoretical framework that shifts away from policing as law enforcement to policing as a means for creating safe places. The constructs (neighborhood atmosphere and latent psychodynamic processes) provide a way to reimagine policing with a strong-community end in mind. The situational policing framework provides officers and communities with a way to visualize and assess progress toward this desired end. The PIs seek to answer the question: What keeps communities safe and strong? Reimagining the police with measurable community-outcome goals—and with strategies to achieve them—has the potential to guide a larger cultural transformation in the field of policing well beyond this project. This mixed-methods study uses a Participatory Action Research (PAR) approach, which is isomorphic to situational policing. PAR democratizes the research process by including the stakeholders (e.g., local residents, business people, police officers) as co-researchers. The sampling frame includes neighborhoods in four police districts. The PIs select two neighborhoods in each district based on high risk for crime and poor police-community relationships. In each police district, one neighborhood will be identified as a control and the other for the PACE treatment. Pre- and post-treatment surveys will be conducted by the PAR teams with graduate students. The four neighborhoods identified for the PACE treatment will participate in structured conversations designed to foster understanding about the challenges between and among the police and residents. The conversation will include a broad spectrum of stakeholder participants leading to informed and collaborative action. All eight neighborhoods will be surveyed at times pre and post treatment. In addition, semi-structured, open-ended focus groups will be conducted in the treatment neighborhoods by the PAR research team. The goal of both the quantitative and qualitative components of the study is to reveal latent psychodynamic processes that create a neighborhood atmosphere. The study measures the effect of the neighborhood atmosphere on crime, violence, drug abuse, and other social problems and the impact of PACE in a reimagined policing with a safe, strong community focus.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将以警察与社区参与（PACE）项目为基础，对其进行调整，研究建设安全和强大社区的条件。通过培养警察、居民和其他社区资源及利益攸关方之间的协作和持续对话，PACE模式促进了集体理解，加强了关系，并协调了建设强大和安全场所的行动。ppi建议情境警务作为一个理论框架，从作为执法的警务转变为作为创造安全场所的手段的警务。这些结构（邻里氛围和潜在的心理动力学过程）提供了一种以强大的社区为目标来重新想象警务的方法。情境警务框架为警官和社区提供了一种可视化和评估实现这一目标的进展的方法。PIs试图回答这样一个问题：是什么保持了社区的安全和强大？以可衡量的社区结果目标重新构想警察，并制定实现这些目标的战略，有可能在警务领域引导更大的文化转型，远远超出本项目的范围。这项混合方法研究使用了一种参与式行动研究（PAR）方法，这与情景警务是同构的。PAR通过将利益相关者（如当地居民、商人、警察）作为共同研究人员，使研究过程民主化。抽样范围包括四个警区的社区。警察根据犯罪率高和警察与社区关系差的情况，在每个地区选择两个社区。在每个警区，一个社区将被确定为对照区，另一个社区将被确定为PACE治疗区。治疗前和治疗后的调查将由PAR团队与研究生一起进行。被确定为PACE治疗的四个社区将参与结构化对话，旨在促进对警察和居民之间以及之间挑战的理解。对话将包括广泛的利益攸关方参与者，从而采取知情和协作的行动。所有八个社区将在治疗前后进行调查。此外，半结构化的开放式焦点小组将由PAR研究小组在治疗社区进行。该研究的定量和定性组成部分的目标是揭示创造邻里氛围的潜在心理动力学过程。该研究衡量了社区氛围对犯罪、暴力、毒品滥用和其他社会问题的影响，以及PACE在以安全、强大的社区为重点的重塑警务中的影响。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。