Factors affecting provisioning and foraging in rapidly changing landscapes

在快速变化的景观中影响供给和觅食的因素

• 批准号: 2222891
• 负责人: Erin Riley
• 金额: $ 32.98万
• 依托单位: San Diego State University Foundation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2222891&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Factors; affecting; provisioning; foraging; rapidly

Foraging decisions affect nutrition, social relationships, and between-population encounters. Humans and animals may come into conflict over shared resources, affecting subsistence in both cases. Despite significant research on what leads to specific foraging decisions, little is known about how recent, rapid, dramatic changes in landscape affect what an individual chooses to eat and where. Individual differences interact with cultural variation in provisioning to affect the costs and benefits of specific foraging decisions in such contexts. To understand these complex dynamics, this project uses theoretical models from biocultural anthropology to investigate the factors affecting decisions to forage and provision in a rapidly changing social and ecological landscape. The project supports early-career researchers based at two minority-serving institutions, multi-institution collaborations, and student training. It disseminates research broadly to academic and non-academic audiences and develops statistical software and educational curricula to facilitate knowledge generation and spread. The researchers focus on how primates and people interact and mutually impact one another’s behavior in contexts where agricultural intensification is rapidly modifying traditional landscapes. Specifically, the project goals are to: 1) determine how human-modified habitats shape macaque behavior; 2) examine people’s motivations to engage in interactions with macaques; and 3) develop novel statistical methods to examine social networks and behavior. To accomplish these objectives, the project team collects longitudinal data on macaque social and ranging behavior, human-macaque interactions, and forest food availability data, and conducts ethnographic interviews. This research can advance knowledge and understanding of collective decision making, how primates adapt to expanding anthropogenic pressures, and the factors driving human-wildlife interactions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

觅食的决定影响营养，社会关系和人口之间的遭遇。人类和动物可能会因共享资源而发生冲突，从而影响到两者的生存。 尽管有大量的研究是什么导致特定的觅食决定，很少有人知道最近，快速，戏剧性的变化，景观如何影响一个人选择吃什么和在哪里。个体差异与文化差异相互作用，影响在这种情况下，特定的觅食决策的成本和收益。为了了解这些复杂的动态，本项目使用生物文化人类学的理论模型来研究在快速变化的社会和生态景观中影响觅食和供应决策的因素。该项目支持基于两个少数民族服务机构，多机构合作和学生培训的早期职业研究人员。它向学术和非学术受众广泛传播研究成果，并开发统计软件和教育课程，以促进知识的产生和传播。研究人员专注于灵长类动物和人类如何在农业集约化正在迅速改变传统景观的背景下相互作用和相互影响。具体来说，该项目的目标是：1）确定人类改变的栖息地如何塑造猕猴的行为; 2）研究人们与猕猴互动的动机; 3）开发新的统计方法来研究社交网络和行为。为了实现这些目标，项目组收集猕猴的社会和测距行为，人类猕猴的相互作用，和森林食物的可用性数据的纵向数据，并进行人种学访谈。这项研究可以促进对集体决策的认识和理解，灵长类动物如何适应不断扩大的人为压力，以及推动人类与野生动物相互作用的因素。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。