Collaborative Research: GEM--Impact of Solar Wind Dynamic Pressure Enhancement on the Cusp and Polar Cap Ion Source

合作研究：GEM——太阳风动压增强对尖点和极帽离子源的影响

• 批准号: 2224108
• 负责人: Chih-Ping Wang
• 金额: $ 58.73万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2026-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2224108&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; GEM; Impact; Solar

Outflow ions from the ionosphere are one of the major particle sources for the Earth's space environment. Their dynamics in the region inside the geosynchronous orbits play a crucial role in space weather disturbances, whose effects include satellite drag, disruption in communication and navigation systems, and damaging electric power grids. This project is focused on understanding the physical processes of how one of the drivers from the Sun, solar wind compression of the geospace, generates these outflow ions and their transport. The compression can often be strong and impulsive, but we currently have little knowledge in both observations and simulations on the resulting outflow ions. This project will establish such knowledge, which is urgently needed in the space community to improve our forecast ability for impulsive space weather events. This project supports the education of a graduate student by providing balanced tasks for developing the student's essential research ability in both simulations and data analysis.The science goal of this project is to understand how solar wind compression impacts outflow ions. The two main objectives and methods are (1) Investigating Cluster satellite data to establish a better observational understanding of temporal variations of the ion fluxes in the cusp and lobes resulting from the compression. (2) Conduct 3D global hybrid simulations to evaluate the physical processes behind the outflow ions caused by the compression. The hybrid simulation is currently the most appropriate tool to take into account the kinetic processes of these outflow ions. The simulations are designed to be compared with the observation results to establish a solid physical understanding. It will also improve our current model specification of the outflow ions that can eventually be incorporated into space weather modeling to achieve a better forecast of the impact of solar wind compression.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

电离层的流出离子是地球空间环境的主要粒子来源之一。它们在地球同步轨道内部地区的动力学在太空天气干扰中起着至关重要的作用，其影响包括卫星阻力，通信和导航系统中断以及损坏电力电网。该项目的重点是理解一位来自太阳的驱动因素，太阳能压缩的物理过程，从而产生这些流出离子及其运输。压缩通常可能是强烈和冲动的，但是我们目前在观测和模拟中对所得流出离子的模拟知识很少。该项目将建立这样的知识，在太空社区中迫切需要，以提高我们进行冲动太空天气事件的预​​测能力。该项目通过提供平衡的任务来发展学生在模拟和数据分析中的基本研究能力来支持对研究生的教育。该项目的科学目标是了解太阳能压缩如何影响流出离子。这两个主要目标和方法是（1）研究集群卫星数据，以更好地观察到对压缩导致的尖和叶片中离子通量的时间变化的理解。 （2）进行3D全局混合模拟，以评估由压缩引起的流出离子背后的物理过程。混合模拟是当前最合适的工具，以考虑这些流出离子的动力学过程。该模拟的设计与观察结果进行比较，以建立牢固的物理理解。它还将改善我们当前对流出离子的模型规范，最终可以将其纳入太空天气建模中，以更好地预测太阳能风力压缩的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准通过评估来获得支持的。