BoCP-Implementation: US-China: Trait innovations in the fig mutualism and their contributions to increased patterns of biodiversity

BoCP-实施：中美：无花果互利共生的性状创新及其对增加生物多样性模式的贡献

• 批准号: 2225083
• 负责人: Carlos Machado
• 金额: $ 137.22万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland, College Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2027-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2225083&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: BoCP; Implementation; US; China; Trait

Interacting species that depend on each other for their survival and reproduction, like plants and their pollinators, have played major roles in the diversification of life on Earth. A broad goal of this project is to understand how those interacting species change and are being affected by the changing climate. The researchers will study one of the most ecologically important and highly diverse group of interacting species: figs, the small wasps that pollinate them, and the diverse group of parasitic wasps that depend on figs for survival but that in most cases do not provide benefits to them. They will study how species interactions and adaptation to local conditions change geographically, how those changes are influenced by different reproductive characteristics of the figs, and how a group of novel and diverse morphological and physiological wasp attributes that are necessary for the interaction with figs have evolved. This research will have educational impacts in K-12 student and teacher training via collaboration with public school teachers from local minority-serving high schools. Moreover, the project will have important implications for agriculture and food production because the same processes influencing this system’s responses to global change also play a role in agricultural crop-pollinator and crop-pest interactions. The research has four objectives: 1) Conduct large scale geographic studies of monoecious and gynodioecious fig species to conduct comparative genomic analyses of spatial genetic structure, local adaptation, and the population genetics of species divergence on fig hosts and associated pollinating and non-pollinating fig wasps; 2) Study mechanisms of host attraction to understand their effects on fig diversification and spatial genetic structure; 3) Test the effects of environmental changes and fragmentation on the stability of mutualistic and antagonistic interactions; and 4) Study the genetic mechanisms underlying novel traits involved in synergistic and antagonistic interactions in this system. The proposed research will not only generate critical tests of theory about how host mating system constrains coevolutionary divergence and responses to environmental degradation, but will also help uncover the genetic architecture of traits involved in synergistic and antagonistic interactions between figs and their pollinating and non-pollinating wasps.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

相互依赖的互动物种（例如植物及其传粉者）在地球上生命的多样化中起着重要作用。该项目的一个广泛目标是了解那些相互作用的物种如何变化并受到气候变化的影响。研究人员将研究最重要的，高度多样化的相互作用物种群体：无花果，对它们进行授粉的小黄蜂以及寄生虫的潜水者群体，他们将研究物种相互作用和对当地条件的相互作用和适应性如何改变，这些变化如何受到图形的不同生殖特征的影响，以及如何与新颖的物理效果相同的属性和多样性的属性，而这些变化是如何与属性相同的属性，这些变化是如何属于图形的。这项研究将通过与当地少数派服务高中的公立学校教师合作对K-12学生和教师培训产生教育影响。此外，该项目将对农业和粮食生产具有重要意义，因为相同的过程会影响该系统对全球变化的反应也在农作物作物 - 授粉和作物 - 基本互动中发挥作用。这项研究具有四个目标：1）对一o和妇科含量无花果物种进行大规模的地理研究，以对空间遗传结构，局部适应性以及物种差异在图宿主以及相关的授粉和非授粉的无花果无花果遗传学上进行比较基因组分析； 2）宿主吸引力的研究机制，以了解其对无花果多样化和空间遗传结构的影响； 3）测试环境变化和碎片化对相互作用和拮抗相互作用的稳定性的影响； 4）研究该系统中与协同和拮抗相互作用涉及的新型特征的遗传机制。拟议的研究不仅将对宿主交配系统如何限制共同进化的差异和对​​环境退化的反应进行批判性检验，而且还将有助于揭示参与无花果和对促成的授粉和非授粉的WASPS的授权和非授权的授权，并反映了nsf的授权，并反映了disut dife deem te deem a distut te deem a distut te deem的遗传性，并反映了disut te deem dive dive dive dive deem的遗传构建的遗传结构。智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。