Collaborative Research: Tracing Pacific Ocean circulation and ventilation during the warm Pliocene Epoch

合作研究:追踪上新世温暖时期的太平洋环流和通风

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2225829
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 63.61万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-01-15 至 2025-12-31
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

A large portion of human-induced carbon dioxide emissions, and the heat that they trap within Earth’s climate system, are being absorbed by the global ocean. The long-term impacts of this absorption on climate and ocean circulation are poorly understood. Forecasts of 21st-century climate change suggest that global warming will lead to a more stratified ocean and weaker global ocean circulation, which would have major ramifications for regional and global climate. However, recent studies suggest that ocean circulation was stronger, not more sluggish, during warm intervals earlier in Earth’s history. This potential discrepancy warrants a better characterization of ocean conditions during warmer-than-present climates of the past. To do so, the study will focus on intervals in the geologic past during which atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations were similar to today, and temperatures were several degrees warmer. The most recent geologic interval that meets this criterion is the Pliocene Epoch (5.33 to 2.58 million years ago). The primary goal of this project is to generate paleoceanographic records to test models suggesting that there was a strong overturning circulation in the North Pacific Ocean during the Pliocene Epoch. This award will support the careers and training of five early-career scientists, and train and mentor high school and undergraduate students.The goals of this proposal are to: 1) test the recent hypothesis that there was North Pacific deep-water formation and an active Pacific Meridional Overturning Circulation present at times during the warm Pliocene; 2) trace the regional distribution of ocean ventilation; and 3) refine the use of redox, temperature, and productivity proxies in bulk sediments and foraminifera for reconstructing Pliocene North Pacific Ocean ventilation, nutrient availability, and water mixing. A multi-proxy approach will examine intermediate to deep ocean circulation patterns across two key geologic intervals: the mid-Pliocene warm period through the intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation (~2.5 to 3.3 Ma) and the early Pliocene (~4.9 to 5.1 Ma). This project will generate new records of i) redox and productivity proxies from bulk sediments, ii) redox, productivity, and water mass mixing proxies from benthic foraminifera, and iii) productivity and temperature proxies from planktic foraminifera, at four sites (IODP 882, 883, 887, and 1208) that cover a range of depths and locations across the North Pacific Ocean. In parallel, the study will analyze a series of coupled climate model simulations with active biogeochemical and d13C cycling. The model tracer, circulation, isotope, and ventilation age results will aid in the interpretation of the newly generated data. This multi-proxy approach, underpinned by climate model analysis, will help ensure the feasibility of the proxy-inferred dynamics.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
大部分由人类活动引起的二氧化碳排放以及它们在地球气候系统中捕获的热量正在被全球海洋吸收。人们对这种吸收对气候和海洋环流的长期影响知之甚少。对21世纪气候变化的预测表明,全球变暖将导致海洋分层更深,全球海洋环流更弱,这将对区域和全球气候产生重大影响。然而,最近的研究表明,在地球历史早期的温暖时期,海洋环流更加强大,而不是更加缓慢。这种潜在的差异保证了在过去比现在温暖的气候期间更好地描述海洋条件。为了做到这一点,这项研究将集中在地质过去的时间间隔,在此期间,大气中的二氧化碳浓度与今天相似,温度要高出几度。符合这一标准的最近地质间隔是上新世(533万至258万年前)。该项目的主要目标是生成古海洋学记录,以测试表明上新世北太平洋存在强烈翻转环流的模型。该奖项将支持五名早期职业科学家的职业和培训,并培训和指导高中和本科生。该提案的目标是:1)测试最近的假设,即在温暖的上新世期间,北太平洋深水形成和活跃的太平洋经向翻转环流; 2)追踪海洋通风的区域分布; 3)改进了在块状沉积物和有孔虫中使用氧化还原、温度和生产力替代物来重建上新世北太平洋的通风、营养物有效性和水混合。多代理方法将检查两个关键地质时期的中深海环流模式:通过北方半球冰川作用加强的上新世中期温暖期(~2.5至3.3 Ma)和上新世早期(~4.9至5.1 Ma)。该项目将在四个地点(IODP 882,883,887和1208)产生新的记录:i)来自散装沉积物的氧化还原和生产力代理,ii)来自底栖有孔虫的氧化还原,生产力和水团混合代理,iii)来自南极有孔虫的生产力和温度代理,这些地点覆盖了北太平洋的一系列深度和位置。同时,该研究将分析一系列耦合气候模式模拟与活跃的地球化学和d13 C循环。模型示踪剂、循环、同位素和通风年龄结果将有助于解释新生成的数据。这一多代理方法,以气候模型分析为基础,将有助于确保代理推断动态的可行性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

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Mariano Remírez其他文献

Calibrating elemental salinity proxies in Holocene sedimentary environments
全新世沉积环境中元素盐度指标的校准
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.chemgeo.2025.122664
  • 发表时间:
    2025-04-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.600
  • 作者:
    Mariano Remírez;Geoffrey J. Gilleaudeau;Randolph McBride;Chelsea Pederson;Carrie M. Miller;Davin J. Wallace;Lucía Guerra;Eduardo Piovano;Joonas J. Virtasalo;Erin Culver-Miller;Isaac Bondzie-Selby;Chaowen Wang;Thomas J. Algeo
  • 通讯作者:
    Thomas J. Algeo

Mariano Remírez的其他文献

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