Collaborative Research: ER2: The development of research ethics governance projects in computer science

该合作研究项目得到了道德和责任研究计划的支持。该项目的核心重点是确定哪些规则和实践支持促进计算机科学进步的国家利益，同时防止不道德和不公正的计算机科学研究。计算研究人员目前正在修订道德规范，编写新的道德准则，在会议和专业协会内组建新的道德委员会，规定资助的道德要求，并提出新的出版物道德要求。该项目描述并评估了计算机科学领域历史的、正在进行的和新兴的道德治理项目。通过在这一活跃的质疑时期创建计算治理的最新历史，该项目将评估和评估当前的努力，并推荐计算研究治理的最佳实践。该项目的成果将有助于推动科学技术研究、研究伦理和计算机科学等多个科学领域的发展。它们还将用于与利益相关者社区（包括计算机伦理积极分子）的讨论，为教育工作者创建课堂材料，以及开发易于理解和简短的白皮书，以分发给资助者、从业者和政策制定者。为了实现上述目标，该项目使用定性案例研究来比较、评估和解释当前计算机科学研究伦理自治领域跨领域工作的资源、机制和结果。案例研究将审查计算机研究的道德治理项目的运作情况，以促进更好地理解开展多样化和多重道德治理工作的领域的可能性和挑战。我们的研究以之前的科学技术研究奖学金为基础，揭示了研究人员参与道德实践文化的关系。为了确定注册和执行实践的类型，团队将对每个项目拥有的资源进行分析，以及每个项目用于修复过去伤害、预测未来、解决道德行为的不安全感以及解决该领域内争议的方法。通过对历史和当前道德治理项目的分析，团队将发现项目组织如何塑造道德治理项目的范围、目标和结果；遵守道德准则的不同机制如何影响结果；不同的利益相关者（参与者、外部倡导者、从业者）如何评估道德治理项目的成功；以及不同道德治理项目产生的挑战和机遇。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This collaborative research project is supported by the Ethical and Responsible Research program. The core focus of the project is to determine what rules and practices support the national interest in promoting the progress of computer science while preventing unethical and unjust computer science research. Computing researchers are currently revising ethics codes, writing new ethics guidelines, forming new ethics committees within conferences and professional associations, dictating ethics requirements for funding, and proposing new ethics requirements for publications. This project characterizes and evaluates historical, ongoing, and emerging ethics governance projects within computer science. By creating a recent history of computing governance during this active period of questioning, the project will appraise and evaluate current efforts, and recommend best practices for computing research governance. The results of this project will serve to advance several scientific fields including science and technology studies, research ethics, and computer science. They will also be used in discussions with stakeholder communities including activists in computing ethics, in creating classroom materials for educators, and in developing accessible and brief white papers that are to be disseminated to funders, practitioners, and policymakers.To accomplish the goals indicated above, this project uses qualitative case studies to compare, evaluate, and interpret the resources, mechanisms, and outcomes of current cross-cutting efforts in computer science research ethics self-governance. The case studies will examine the workings of the computing research’s ethics governance projects to facilitate better understanding of the possibilities and challenges of a field undertaking diverse and multiple ethics governance efforts. Building on previous science and technology studies scholarship, our research reveals the relations enrolling researchers in cultures of ethical practice. To identify a typology of enrollment and enforcement practices, the team will undertake analysis of the resources each project has, and the approach that each project uses to repair past harms, anticipate the future, resolve insecurities about what counts as ethical behavior, and settle controversies within the field. Through analysis of historical and current ethics governance projects, the team will discover how project organization shapes the scope, goals, and outcomes of ethics governance projects; how different mechanisms for effecting adherence to ethical guidelines impact outcomes; how contrasting stakeholders (participants, outside advocates, practitioners) assess the success of ethics governance projects; and the challenges and opportunities different ethics governance projects generate.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.