SaTC: CORE: Small: Towards Trustworthy and Performant Decentralized Resource Markets in the Blockchain Era

SaTC：核心：小型：迈向区块链时代值得信赖和高效的去中心化资源市场

• 批准号: 2226932
• 负责人: Ghada Almashaqbeh
• 金额: $ 59.97万
• 依托单位: University of Connecticut
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2226932&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; CORE; Small; Towards; Trustworthy

Driven by the movement toward the decentralized Internet, Web 3.0, recent cryptocurrency systems build decentralized and transparent markets for trading digital resources. Yet, there is a big gap between the promise of these markets and their practical viability. To bridge this gap, this project introduces secure frameworks that are specific for promoting scalability and efficiency of blockchain-based resource markets, but generic enough to be used with any service type. The project’s novelties include, first, developing a secure architecture and protocols for sidechains (secondary chains tied to a main blockchain) that have a dependence relation with the mainchain and which permit exchanging arbitrary data. And second, introducing a provable security paradigm for formalizing and analyzing security of resource markets and sidechains. The project’s impacts include achieving secure and efficient schemes that permit utilizing the advantages of blockchains in real-world applications, developing foundational understanding of sidechain covering new dependency models and previously-unexplored use cases, and promoting provable-security of large-scale distributed systems. The investigator integrates their research in both undergraduate and graduate level courses, is committed to mentoring and advising students at all levels, and works closely with under-represented groups in computer science.The project involves four directions. First, chainBoost, a scheme that expedites service delivery, reduces the amount of data to be logged on the blockchain, and extends system capability while preserving compatibility. Second, chainScale, a scheme for improving scalability in terms of throughput and number of supported users. This is done by splitting the modules and workload needed to run a decentralized service among several sidechains, devising a block summary and pruning technique, and building mechanisms to handle cross-sidechain operations, syncing the mainchain, and handling interruptions. Third, formulating a security notion for resource markets and sidechains to capture various dependency relationships with the mainchain, and formally proving the security of chainBoost and chainScale based on this notion. Lastly, building proof-of-concept prototypes and use them in conducting thorough benchmarks and empirical experiments to assess efficiency gains.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在去中心化互联网（Web 3.0）的推动下，最近的加密货币系统为交易数字资源建立了去中心化和透明的市场。然而，这些市场的承诺与其实际可行性之间存在很大差距。为了弥合这一差距，该项目引入了安全框架，这些框架专门用于促进基于区块链的资源市场的可扩展性和效率，但足够通用，可以用于任何服务类型。该项目的创新之处包括，首先，为侧链（与主区块链相连的二级链）开发一个安全的架构和协议，这些侧链与主链有依赖关系，并允许交换任意数据。第二，引入一个可证明安全的范式来形式化和分析资源市场和侧链的安全性。该项目的影响包括实现安全有效的方案，允许在现实世界的应用中利用区块链的优势，发展对侧链的基本理解，涵盖新的依赖模型和以前未探索的用例，并促进大规模分布式系统的可证明安全性。调查员将他们的研究整合到本科和研究生课程中，致力于指导和建议各级学生，并与计算机科学领域代表性不足的群体密切合作。该项目涉及四个方向。首先，chainBoost是一种加速服务交付的方案，减少了要记录在区块链上的数据量，并在保持兼容性的同时扩展了系统功能。第二，chainScale，一种在吞吐量和支持用户数量方面提高可扩展性的方案。这是通过在几个侧链之间分割运行分散服务所需的模块和工作负载，设计区块摘要和修剪技术，以及构建处理跨侧链操作，同步主链和处理中断的机制来实现的。第三，为资源市场和侧链制定安全概念，以捕获与主链的各种依赖关系，并基于此概念正式证明chainBoost和chainScale的安全性。最后，构建概念验证原型，并将其用于进行全面的基准和实证实验，以评估效率收益。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。