RAPID: Plains Indian Sign Language Documentation, Linguistic Database, and Dictionary

这个RAPID项目将为五种濒临灭绝的平原印第安手语（PISL）创建一个可访问的注释视频数据库，这些手语在语言学研究中很少受到关注。该数据库和PISL文件对语言学、教育、历史和手语研究等学术领域做出了重要的智力贡献，同时也对土著人民做出了文化贡献。该项目的主要产出是一本由亚利桑那大学维护的视频词典。其功能将支持在PISL类型之间以及与其他手语之间进行比较分析。PISL词汇和视频的数据集将与部落共享，并提供给美国印第安人研究，语言学，人类学和土著教育的学者。该项目还将分发给各部落，作为全国各地各种学校和场所的教材，并将通过开发视频词典/数据库，记录部落标志。研究人员将比较1880年和1929年的旧书面文件和字典与当前的标志。来自临时自治机构社区的部落顾问将担任数据库的签字人。该数据库将通过以下方式加以注释和检索：（a）语音参数识别符;（B）具有符号含义的词源描述;（c）基于平原印第安人/土著人民生活的文化背景。研究小组对这些标志的视觉呈现和从旧的书面字典转换成现代数字档案的比较研究将支持历史和当代标志之间的相似性和差异的识别。许多部落由于部落间的婚姻和以前在平原地区使用的弗兰卡语而共享符号。该项目将使这些部落能够具体说明不同的方言，使这项工作成为对新知识的直接贡献和这些部落社区的重要资源。主数据库将包括七个部落的符号（一个单一的合并字典），并将在原始数据库的第二个副本中包括一个专门针对基奥瓦符号的方言过滤器，从而产生一个专门针对基奥瓦基奥瓦符号的字典。这将作为一个模型，并通过创建一个更大的数据库，为未来的工作建立能力，从该数据库中可以导出各个部落的词典。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

This RAPID project will create an accessible, annotated video database for five endangered varieties of Plains Indian Sign Language (PISL) that have received little attention in linguistic research. The database and PISL documentation constitute an important intellectual contribution to academic fields including linguistics, education, history, and sign language studies, while also making a cultural contribution to Native peoples. The main output of the project is a video dictionary to be maintained by the University of Arizona. Its functionality will support comparative analysis between PISL types and with other sign languages. The dataset of PISL lexicons and videos will be shared with the tribes and available to scholars in American Indian studies, linguistics, anthropology, and Indigenous education. It will also be distributed to tribes to be used as educational material in a variety of schools and settings across the nation.The project will involve documentation of tribal signs through the development of a video dictionary/database. Researchers will compare older written documentation and dictionaries from 1880 and 1929 with current signs. Tribal consultants from PISL communities will serve as signers for the database. The database will be annotated and searchable by (a) phonological parameter identifiers, (b) etymological descriptions with the meaning of the signs, and (c) cultural context based on the lives of Plains Indians/Indigenous people. The research team's comparative study of these signs as presented visually and converted from older written dictionaries into a modern digital archive will support the identification of similarities and differences among historical and contemporary signs. Many tribes have shared signs due to intertribal marriages and previous lingua franca use across the Plains region. This project will enable the ability to specify different dialects among these tribes, making this work a direct contribution to new knowledge and an important resource for these tribal communities. The master database will include signs from seven tribes (a single combined dictionary) and will include a dialect filter specifically for Kiowa signs in a second copy of the original database, leading to the production of a Kiowa Sign Language-specific dictionary. This will serve as a model and build capacity for future work by creating a larger database from which dictionaries for individual tribes can be derived.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.