SAI-P: Integrating Human Behavioral Uncertainty in Participatory Design of Infrastructure in Watersheds

SAI-P：将人类行为的不确定性纳入流域基础设施的参与式设计

• 批准号: 2228765
• 负责人: Meghna Babbar-Sebens
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-15 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2228765&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SAI; Integrating; Human; Behavioral; Uncertainty

Strengthening American Infrastructure (SAI) is an NSF Program seeking to stimulate human-centered fundamental and potentially transformative research that strengthens America’s infrastructure. Effective infrastructure provides a strong foundation for socioeconomic vitality and broad quality of life improvement. Strong, reliable, and effective infrastructure spurs private-sector innovation, grows the economy, creates jobs, makes public-sector service provision more efficient, strengthens communities, promotes equal opportunity, protects the natural environment, enhances national security, and fuels American leadership. To achieve these goals requires expertise from across the science and engineering disciplines. SAI focuses on how knowledge of human reasoning and decision-making, governance, and social and cultural processes enables the building and maintenance of effective infrastructure that improves lives and society and builds on advances in technology and engineering.Watershed management is a top priority for the nation. The management of watersheds must attend to floods, droughts, water quality, and ecological systems. Such management is shifting from centralized gray infrastructure solutions (dams, reservoirs, water-wastewater treatment plants) to approaches that incorporate decentralized and nature-based infrastructure solutions (wetlands, grassed waterways, stream buffers, rain gardens, green roofs). This SAI planning project examines how watershed communities can influence the design of nature-based infrastructure and how the design of such infrastructure can be inclusive of different stakeholders. The design of nature-based infrastructure is most effective when implemented as an interconnected network of landscape practices at multiple geographic locations across the entire rural and urban terrain. This process requires a deep understanding of the physical and biological laws that govern how water is stored, regulated, and routed in the natural and built environments of the watershed, and of the perceptual and cognitive processes related to watershed stakeholders who influence what type of infrastructure solutions are implemented and where. This planning project develops such understanding to enable a holistic, sustainable, and resilient watershed management approach.This SAI planning project focuses on mathematical and computational frameworks for characterizing and coping with behavioral uncertainty in participatory design of nature-based infrastructure at watershed-scales. The project investigates the role of diverse perceptual and cognitive processes utilized when people interact with digital visualization interfaces during design of nature-based infrastructure. It also develops novel, computational and interactive participatory design methods based on modeling approaches for coping with behavioral and physical uncertainty in the design of climate-resilient solutions at watershed-scales. The project draws on theory and research on human-centered interactive optimization for watershed systems, perceptual and cognitive psychology, and multi-model approaches for adaptive control. The planning activity includes data collection and workshops to develop a use-inspired research plan to support fast, accurate, and adaptive participatory design in watershed communities.This award is supported by the Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic (SBE) Sciences, the Directorate for Geosciences, and the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

加强美国基础设施（SAI）是美国国家科学基金会的一个项目，旨在促进以人为本的基础研究和潜在的变革性研究，以加强美国的基础设施。有效的基础设施为社会经济活力和广泛的生活质量改善提供了坚实的基础。强大、可靠和有效的基础设施刺激私营部门的创新，发展经济，创造就业机会，使公共部门提供的服务更有效率，加强社区，促进机会平等，保护自然环境，加强国家安全，并推动美国的领导地位。为了实现这些目标，需要来自科学和工程学科的专业知识。SAI侧重于人类推理和决策、治理以及社会和文化过程的知识如何使有效的基础设施的建设和维护能够改善生活和社会，并以技术和工程的进步为基础。流域管理是国家的头等大事。流域的管理必须关注洪水、干旱、水质和生态系统。这种管理正在从集中式的灰色基础设施解决方案（水坝、水库、污水处理厂）转向分散式和基于自然的基础设施解决方案（湿地、草地水道、溪流缓冲、雨水花园、绿色屋顶）。这个SAI规划项目研究了流域社区如何影响基于自然的基础设施的设计，以及这些基础设施的设计如何包括不同的利益相关者。以自然为基础的基础设施设计在整个农村和城市地形的多个地理位置作为景观实践的互联网络实施时是最有效的。这一过程需要深入了解控制水如何在流域的自然和建筑环境中储存、调节和输送的物理和生物规律，以及与流域利益相关者相关的感知和认知过程，这些利益相关者影响实施何种类型的基础设施解决方案以及在何处实施。这一规划项目促进了人们对这一问题的理解，以实现一种全面、可持续和有弹性的流域管理方法。本SAI规划项目侧重于数学和计算框架，用于表征和应对流域尺度自然基础设施参与式设计中的行为不确定性。该项目调查了在基于自然的基础设施设计过程中，人们与数字可视化界面交互时所使用的各种感知和认知过程的作用。它还开发了基于建模方法的新颖，计算和交互式参与式设计方法，以应对在流域尺度上设计气候适应性解决方案时的行为和物理不确定性。该项目借鉴了以人为中心的流域系统交互优化、感知和认知心理学以及自适应控制的多模型方法的理论和研究。规划活动包括数据收集和研讨会，以制定以使用为灵感的研究计划，以支持流域社区快速、准确和适应性的参与式设计。该奖项由社会、行为和经济（SBE）科学理事会、地球科学理事会以及数学和物理科学理事会支持。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。