Collaborative Research: Cloud Radiative Impact on the Surface Energy Budget of the Antarctic Peninsula

合作研究：云辐射对南极半岛表面能量收支的影响

• 批准号: 2229392
• 负责人: XUN ZOU
• 金额: $ 13.81万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2229392&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Cloud; Radiative; Impact

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP; AP) has been warming faster than the global average since the mid-1960s. Concurrent mobilization of ice shelves has been associated with glacial discharge into the ocean, with important implications for global sea level rise. This work will enhance our understanding of the contributions of clouds, water vapor and surface radiation to warming over the WAP. Processes governing phase partitioning and amounts of supercooled liquid water are crucial for understanding surface melt, and will be explored. In addition, the role of clouds and moisture during foehn and atmospheric river (AR) events, will be characterized. Clouds and atmospheric water vapor have strong radiative signals that vary seasonally and with cloud properties. This work will lead to a better understanding of how clouds are impacting surface melt on the AP in the changing climate. In addition, the proposed work will include several undergraduate research projects. Finally, broader impacts include public outreach through participation in GeoWeek at Ohio State University and Polar Science Weekend at the Pacific Science Center in Seattle, WA. It is crucial to human welfare to understand mechanisms responsible for the rapid pace of Antarctic ice loss. This work will lead to a better understanding of how clouds are impacting surface melt on the WAP in the changing climate. The project will use surface- and satellite-based measurements to characterize clouds and humidity. The project maximizes value by using a variety of previous, ongoing, and planned measurements made by an international group of collaborators, along with measurements and model (AMPS, Polar-WRF) results. These will be used to quantify clouds, water vapor, and radiation and their effects on the surface energy balance at three strategically-located stations: Rothera (upwind of the WAP), Marambio (downwind of the WAP) and Escudero (north of the WAP), in order to provide a detailed characterization of cloud radiative and precipitation-formation properties and their role in surface warming and melt events. These mechanisms lead to the following hypotheses: 1) Through their effect on the surface energy balance, clouds play an important role in surface warming on the AP; this role is seasonally varying and sensitive to cloud thermodynamic phase, 2) Radiative heating during foehn events is an important contributor to warming at the northern AP, and 3) The radiative effects of clouds and water vapor have strong influences on heating before and during AR events, with significant differences on the two sides of the WAP.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金来自《2021年美国救援计划法案》(公法117-2)。自20世纪60年代中期以来，西南极半岛(WAP；AP)变暖的速度一直快于全球平均水平。冰架的同时调动与冰川向海洋的排放有关，对全球海平面上升具有重要影响。这项工作将加深我们对云、水汽和地表辐射对WAP变暖的贡献的理解。控制相分配和过冷液态水数量的过程对于理解表面熔体是至关重要的，我们将对此进行探索。此外，还将描述云和水汽在烟尘和大气河流(AR)事件中的作用。云和大气中的水汽有很强的辐射信号，这种信号会随季节的变化和云层的性质而变化。这项工作将有助于更好地理解在气候变化的情况下，云层如何影响AP的表面融化。此外，拟议的工作将包括几个本科生研究项目。最后，更广泛的影响包括通过参加俄亥俄州立大学的GeoWeek和华盛顿州西雅图太平洋科学中心的极地科学周末进行公众宣传。理解南极冰川快速融化的机制对人类的福祉至关重要。这项工作将有助于更好地理解在不断变化的气候中，云层如何影响WAP上的表面融化。该项目将使用基于地面和卫星的测量来表征云层和湿度。该项目通过使用由国际合作者小组进行的各种先前的、正在进行的和计划的测量以及测量和模型(AMPS、Polar-WRF)结果来最大化价值。这些将用于量化云、水蒸气和辐射及其对三个战略位置站的地面能量平衡的影响：Rothera(WAP的上风)、Marbio(WAP的下风)和Escudero(WAP的北部)，以便详细描述云的辐射和降水形成特性及其在表面变暖和融化事件中的作用。这些机制导致了以下假设：1)通过影响地表能量平衡，云在AP的表面变暖中发挥了重要作用；这种作用是季节性变化的，对云的热力学相敏感；2)烟雾事件期间的辐射加热是导致AP北部变暖的重要因素；3)云和水蒸气的辐射效应对AR事件之前和期间的加热有很大影响，在WAP的两侧存在显著差异。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

项目成果

Record-high Antarctic Peninsula temperatures and surface melt in February 2022: a compound event with an intense atmospheric river

2022 年 2 月南极半岛气温创历史新高且地表融化：与强烈大气河流的复合事件

• DOI: 10.1038/s41612-023-00529-6
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science
• 影响因子: 9
• 作者: Gorodetskaya, Irina V.;Durán-Alarcón, Claudio;González-Herrero, Sergi;Clem, Kyle R.;Zou, Xun;Rowe, Penny;Rodriguez Imazio, Paola;Campos, Diego;Leroy-Dos Santos, Christophe;Dutrievoz, Niels
• 通讯作者: Dutrievoz, Niels

The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part I: Observations and Meteorological Drivers

2022 年 3 月东南极洲非凡的“热浪”。

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-23-0175.1
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Journal of Climate
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Wille, Jonathan D.;Alexander, Simon P.;Amory, Charles;Baiman, Rebecca;Barthélemy, Léonard;Bergstrom, Dana M.;Berne, Alexis;Binder, Hanin;Blanchet, Juliette;Bozkurt, Deniz
• 通讯作者: Bozkurt, Deniz

Strong Warming Over the Antarctic Peninsula During Combined Atmospheric River and Foehn Events: Contribution of Shortwave Radiation and Turbulence

• DOI: 10.1029/2022jd038138
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
• 作者: Xun Zou;P. Rowe;I. Gorodetskaya;D. Bromwich;M. Lazzara;Raúl R. Cordero;Zhenhai Zhang;B. Kawzenuk;J. Cordeira;J. Wille;F. Ralph;L. Bai

The Extraordinary March 2022 East Antarctica “Heat” Wave. Part II: Impacts on the Antarctic Ice Sheet

2022 年 3 月东南极洲非凡的“热浪”。

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-23-0176.1
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Journal of Climate
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Wille, Jonathan D.;Alexander, Simon P.;Amory, Charles;Baiman, Rebecca;Barthélemy, Léonard;Bergstrom, Dana M.;Berne, Alexis;Binder, Hanin;Blanchet, Juliette;Bozkurt, Deniz
• 通讯作者: Bozkurt, Deniz