Electrochemical Synthesis of Noble Metal Functional Metarials from Ionic Liquids

本项目将阐明电化学方法在制备贵金属银、金、钯和铂的新型功能化合物和形态确定的沉积物方面的潜力。对于合成，将使用离子液体的独特性质，特别是它们对还原和氧化的显著稳定性。应遵循三种不同的反应途径。一方面，这是贵金属化合物直接沉积在贵金属电极的表面上。这种方法尤其适用于氟化物和氧化物的制备。另一方面，贵金属电极应通过阳极氧化溶解，所得溶液应用于后续反应。该路线主要用于制备硫化物和含氧阴离子化合物。这两种途径都允许通过改变电化学参数来确定调整其化合物中贵金属的氧化态。这是传统化学路线无法提供的选择。第三种反应途径是从离子液体中以明确定义的形状沉积贵金属，例如作为纳米颗粒或细纤维。所有获得的化合物和沉积物将在其结构、形态和物理性质方面进行全面表征。所确定的性质然后将导致各种功能，例如作为电子材料或前体。对电极反应的详细研究，特别是动力学的研究，将为制备条件的优化提供进一步的知识。

This project will elucidate the potential of electrochemical methods for the preparation of novel functional compounds and morphologically defined deposits of the noble metals silver, gold, palladium, and platinum. For the syntheses the unique properties of ionic liquids will be used, especially their pronounced stability against reduction and oxidation. Three different reaction pathways shall be followed. On one hand this is the deposition of noble metal compounds directly on the surface of a noble metal electrode. This route should be used especially for the preparation of fluorides and oxides. On the other hand noble metal electrodes should be dissolved by anodic oxidation and the obtained solutions should be used in subsequent reactions. This route shall be used predominately for the preparation of sulfides and oxoanionic compounds. Both routes allow for a defined adjustment of the oxidation states of the noble metals in their compounds by variation of the electrochemical parameters. This is an option that cannot be provided by classical chemical routes. The third reaction pathway is the deposition of noble metals from an ionic liquid in a well-defined shape, e.g. as nanoparticles or thin fibers. All of the obtained compounds and deposits will be comprehensively characterized with respect to their structure, their morphology, and their physical properties. The determined properties will then lead to various functions, e.g. as electronic materials or precursors. A detailed study of the electrode reactions, especially the involved kinetics will provide further knowledge for the optimization of preparative conditions.