Forms of Politicization of Humanitarian Aid in the European Union

欧盟人道主义援助政治化的形式

• 批准号: 253366504
• 负责人: Dr. Charlotte Dany
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: ARENA - Centre for European Studies
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/253366504?language=en
• 关键词: Forms; Politicization; Humanitarian; Aid; European

Humanitarian aid is in a state of crisis, which requires adaptations by donor institutions. More and more people fall victim to humanitarian disasters. But humanitarian aid often does not reach these people. At the same time, humanitarian organizations face many dilemmas in their on-site operation. Donors react to these problems differently. Most of them withdraw from a strict adherence to the humanitarian principles. They promote longer-term structural development projects, cooperate more closely with states and military organizations, or specify terms and conditions for receiving aid. In short, they follow the trend of the politicization of humanitarian aid. Yet, neither what this trend actually entails, nor what consequences it has, is fully clear. Therefore, I seek to conceptualize and operationalize what politicization of humanitarian aid means, in order to show how humanitarian aid is politicized within the European Union (EU). While politicization is mostly used in the context of humanitarian organizations operating in the field, it is even more unclear what it means for rather conceptualizing and coordinating institutions like the EU. To conceptualize the term I bring together two understandings of politicization: one from the context of humanitarian aid and the other from the context of international institutions. I then propose how the politicization of humanitarian aid should be analyzed in the EU. I thereby focus on the phases of agenda-building and policy formulation as much as on multi-stakeholder processes in which different kinds of actors reflect on humanitarian aid in and by the EU. Finally, I will analyze some concrete recent political processes (development of the Framework Partnership Agreements and the Comprehensive Approach of Crisis management and -prevention), in order to exemplary demonstrate the politicization of humanitarian aid in the EU. I expect three major results from the study. (1) It clarifies what politicization of humanitarian aid means and makes it useful for empirical research on coordinating international humanitarian institutions. (2) It characterizes the EU as humanitarian actor. It further shows how the policy field of humanitarian aid (as part of the EUs Foreign and Security Policy) moves beyond intergovernmentalism, including more transnational actors. (3) It allows for empirical insights into recent negotiations and reflections on the future of humanitarian aid in the EU. In the longer term, these results may contribute to a better understanding of the consequences of the politicization of humanitarian aid.

人道主义援助处于危机状态，这需要捐助机构做出调整。越来越多的人成为人道主义灾难的受害者。但人道主义援助往往无法到达这些人手中。与此同时，人道主义组织在现场行动中面临许多困境。捐赠者对这些问题的反应不同。他们中的大多数人退出了对人道主义原则的严格遵守。它们促进更长期的结构性发展项目，与国家和军事组织更密切地合作，或者规定接受援助的条款和条件。简而言之，它们顺应了人道主义援助政治化的趋势。然而，这一趋势实际上带来了什么，以及它产生了什么后果，都不完全清楚。因此，我试图将人道主义援助政治化的含义概念化并付诸实施，以表明人道主义援助在欧洲联盟(欧盟)内是如何政治化的。虽然政治化主要用于在实地开展活动的人道主义组织，但它对欧盟等相当概念化和协调的机构意味着什么就更不清楚了。为了将这个词概念化，我将政治化的两种理解汇集在一起：一种是从人道主义援助的角度理解，另一种是从国际机构的角度理解。然后，我建议欧盟应该如何分析人道主义援助的政治化。因此，我把重点放在议程建设和政策制定的各个阶段，以及多方利益攸关方进程，在这些进程中，不同类型的行为者对欧盟境内和由欧盟提供的人道主义援助进行了反思。最后，我将分析最近的一些具体政治进程(制定《框架伙伴关系协定》和危机管理和预防综合办法)，以示范欧盟人道主义援助的政治化。我希望这项研究能得出三个主要结果。(1)它澄清了人道主义援助政治化的含义，并使其有助于协调国际人道主义机构的实证研究。(2)它将欧盟描述为人道主义参与者。它进一步表明，人道主义援助政策领域(作为欧盟外交和安全政策的一部分)如何超越政府间主义，包括更多的跨国行为者。(3)它允许对最近的谈判和对欧盟人道主义援助未来的思考进行经验性的洞察。从长远来看，这些成果可能有助于更好地理解人道主义援助政治化的后果。