CAREER: Understanding and Harnessing the Dynamics of Complex Fluid-Structure Interactions

职业：理解和利用复杂流固相互作用的动力学

• 批准号: 2237542
• 负责人: Casey Harwood
• 金额: $ 60.47万
• 依托单位: University of Iowa
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-01-01 至 2027-12-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2237542&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Understanding; Harnessing; Dynamics; Complex

Fluid-structure interaction describes the effects of fluid dynamic forces upon flexible structures – such as wings, bridges, or ship hulls – and vice versa. Prediction, modeling, and monitoring of fluid-structure interactions are necessary capabilities for avoiding fluid-induced failures in engineered systems critical to transportation and infrastructure. At the same time, targeted structural vibration holds promise as a method of flow-control, with applications that include improved stall resistance of aircraft wings or drag reduction on bluff-bodies such as tractor trailers or large maritime vessels. Current experimental methods do not paint a complete picture of the potential hazards or the realizable benefits of fluid-structure interaction. The principal aim of this research is a deeper and more actionable understanding of the mutual effects of flexible structures and fluids upon one another, and how those effects can be leveraged for improved safety and performance. The research also encourages and thrives upon the collaborative involvement of both graduate and undergraduate research assistants, with pipelines for paid assistantships, class projects, and student outreach initiatives on campus and at a rural high school.The proposed research contributes toward a paradigm shift in the way that experiments in fluid-structure interactions are performed and leveraged for smarter, safer, and more efficient design, modeling, and monitoring. Specifically, the planned approach will (1) produce new workflows for quantifying spatial fluid loads on flexible bodies; (2) deduce previously unrecognized causal links between fluid flow structures and fluid-structure dynamics; (3) quantify the efficacy of structural vibration in controlling turbulent flow separation; (4) generate a large and well-documented experimental database for use by other researchers; and (5) evaluate the use of blended didactic-experiential learning for improving student competency in the topic of fluid-structure interactions. Spatial models of fluid loading will be developed through systematic experimentation on submerged structures, using novel full-field deformation sensing. The study will utilize particle tracking velocimetry of flow over canonical vibrating profiles to assess the effects of structural resonances upon flow separation and reattachment. Open-access educational modules will be developed and piloted in existing undergraduate courses to introduce engineering students to fluid-structure interactions through hands-on experimentation. This work will produce generalizable physical insights that improve the safety and efficiency of aerospace, civil, and maritime systems. Moreover, by making such research more accessible to engineering students, this work facilitates awareness of fluid-structure interactions across engineering disciplines, helping future engineers produce smarter, safer, and more efficient designs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

流体-结构相互作用描述了流体动力对柔性结构（如机翼、桥梁或船体）的影响，反之亦然。流体-结构相互作用的预测、建模和监测是避免对交通和基础设施至关重要的工程系统中流体引起的故障的必要能力。与此同时，定向结构振动有望成为一种流动控制方法，应用范围包括提高飞机机翼的失速阻力，或减少拖拉机拖车或大型海上船只等崖体的阻力。目前的实验方法并没有描绘出流固相互作用的潜在危害或可实现的好处的完整图景。这项研究的主要目的是更深入、更可行地了解柔性结构和流体对彼此的相互影响，以及如何利用这些影响来提高安全性和性能。这项研究还鼓励研究生和本科生研究助理的合作参与，并在校园和农村高中提供带薪助教、班级项目和学生推广活动。所提出的研究有助于在流体-结构相互作用的实验方式上的范式转变，并利用更智能，更安全，更有效的设计，建模和监测。具体来说，计划中的方法将(1)产生量化柔性体空间流体载荷的新工作流程；(2)推导出以前未被认识到的流体流动结构和流体-结构动力学之间的因果关系；(3)量化结构振动控制湍流分离的效果；(4)为其他研究人员建立一个庞大且记录良好的实验数据库；(5)评估混合式教学-体验式学习的使用，以提高学生在流体-结构相互作用主题中的能力。流体载荷的空间模型将通过对水下结构的系统实验，采用新颖的全场变形传感技术来开发。该研究将利用典型振动剖面上流动的粒子跟踪测速来评估结构共振对流动分离和再附着的影响。开放获取的教育模块将在现有的本科课程中开发和试点，通过动手实验向工程专业的学生介绍流体-结构相互作用。这项工作将产生可推广的物理见解，以提高航空航天、民用和海事系统的安全性和效率。此外，通过使此类研究更容易为工程专业的学生所接受，这项工作促进了对跨工程学科的流体-结构相互作用的认识，帮助未来的工程师生产更智能、更安全、更高效的设计。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。