CAREER: A Holistic Developer-Centered Approach to Enhance Privacy for Data-Driven Applications

美国的隐私侵犯数量急剧增加，许多公司都经历了有害且代价高昂的违规行为。这些违规行为对用户产生负面影响，并导致开发人员的财务和声誉成本。它们的负面影响强调了在整个软件开发生命周期中需要整体隐私工程解决方案。最近的隐私研究在这方面取得了进展，但仍然存在重大差距，包括执行准则不足和对侵犯隐私行为的事前检测。该项目通过调查新手和专家开发人员目前如何实现隐私规则，支持开发人员检测隐私行为，设计隐私保护解决方案，以及在代码中自动实现隐私规则来解决这些差距。该项目将产生模型和工具，以增强所有类型的软件应用程序的隐私。因此，该项目将通过以下方式造福社会：（i）帮助保护弱势群体的隐私，包括缅因州青年、移民和寻求庇护者;（ii）支持软件行业和美国经济;（iii）扩大女孩、妇女、少数民族、第一代学生和其他代表性不足群体获得STEM和计算机科学教育和职业的机会。这个跨学科的项目从根本上推进隐私和软件工程的知识，通过研究新的理论，方法和工具来描述开发之前的软件隐私行为，然后确保其在代码中的有效实施。该项目将通过三个重点：（i）产生关于开发人员的隐私意识和专业知识及其面临的挑战的新科学知识;（ii）通过开发与隐私相关的新代码生成模型，减少在代码中手动实现隐私要求的工作; ㈢通过审查编写与隐私有关的守则的现行做法，并创造新的解决办法来改进这种做法，尽量减少侵犯隐私的行为;及（iv）加强法律的及技术专家之间的沟通，方法是发展一个共用的基础设施，以便从技术及政策的角度界定及推理私隐解决方案。该项目由软件及硬件基金会（SHF）计划、安全及值得信赖的网络空间（SaTC）、刺激竞争研究的既定计划（EPSCoR）该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.

The number of privacy violations in the U.S. has increased dramatically, with many companies experiencing harmful and costly breaches. Such breaches negatively impact users and lead to financial and reputational costs for developers. Their adverse effects underscore the need for holistic privacy engineering solutions throughout the software development lifecycle. Recent privacy research has made progress in this regard, yet significant gaps remain, including insufficient implementation guidelines and ex-ante detection of privacy violations. This project addresses these gaps by investigating how novice and expert developers currently implement privacy rules, supporting the developers in detecting privacy behaviors, designing privacy-preserving solutions, and automating the implementation of privacy rules in code. This project will result in models and tools to enhance privacy for all types of software applications. Hence, the project will benefit society by (i) helping to protect the privacy of vulnerable groups, including Maine youth, migrants, and asylum seekers, (ii) supporting the software industry and the U.S. economy, and (iii) broadening access to STEM and computer science education and careers for girls, women, minorities, first-generation students, and other underrepresented groups. This interdisciplinary project fundamentally advances knowledge in privacy and software engineering by investigating new theories, methods, and tools to describe software privacy behaviors prior to development and then ensure their effective implementation in code. Through three thrusts, the project will: (i) generate new scientific knowledge about the privacy awareness and expertise of developers and the challenges they face; (ii) reduce the effort of manually implementing privacy requirements in code via the development of novel privacy-related code generation models; (iii) minimize privacy violations through examining the current practices for writing privacy-related code and creating novel solutions to improve such practices; and (iv) strengthen communications between legal and technical experts by developing a shared infrastructure for defining and reasoning about privacy solutions from both technical and policy perspectives.This project is jointly funded by the Software and Hardware Foundations (SHF) program, the Secure and Trustworthy Cyberspace (SaTC), and the the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.