CAREER: Museomic approach for exploring the evolution of past, persistent, and emerging orthopoxvirus outbreaks

职业:探索过去、持续和新出现的正痘病毒爆发演变的博物馆组学方法

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2238801
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 103.19万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2023
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2023-05-15 至 2028-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    未结题

项目摘要

Determining which animals a virus can infect remains a major obstacle for understanding how pathogens are maintained in natural populations and their potential spillover threat to humans. This is especially true for the group of viruses that includes smallpox, one of the deadliest pathogens in human history. A major unanswered question tied to this deadly pandemic is why some species of pox viruses are able to infect multiple animals while others only infect one. In light of the recent outbreak of monkeypox, a pox virus capable of infecting multiple species, the need to better understand host-pox virus diversity and evolution is of particular importance. This project will use novel technologies combined with historic and modern samples of animals housed in natural history museums to expand our understanding of pox virus infection across the tree of life. Additionally, this project advances the goals of the NSF by increasing diversity in STEM and creating a diverse workforce by placing underrepresented minorities at the center of cutting-edge research. Specifically, this work involves linking a primarily undergraduate, minority-serving institution with partnerships at several premier research institutions in Chicago and beyond, creating a network of opportunities for students engaged in the project. This project will leverage a large series of historical museum specimens from regions and time periods when pox outbreaks were known to occur, and advance genomic techniques to expand our knowledge of pox-virus evolution and host diversity. The proposed work will focus on three museum collections, targeting: a past outbreak (smallpox); a current outbreak (monkeypox); and finally, an emerging threat (Alaskapox). Viral genomes will be generated from pox-positive samples using a combination of high throughput sequencing and targeted enrichment approaches, allowing researchers to elucidate the evolutionary history of these complex but little-studied pathogens. Such data will be used to answer a suite of questions related to the evolution of Orthopoxvirus including: 1) How does genome architecture influence host range for different species of pox viruses? 2) Do intermediate hosts or distantly related hosts play a role in Orthopoxvirus diversification or transmission? and 3) Does increasing the known diversity of Orthopoxvirus in mammals help resolve the phylogenetic position and origin of human smallpox?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
确定病毒可以感染哪些动物仍然是了解病原体如何在自然种群中维持及其对人类的潜在溢出威胁的主要障碍。对于包括天花在内的一组病毒来说尤其如此,天花是人类历史上最致命的病原体之一。与这种致命的大流行病有关的一个主要的未回答的问题是,为什么某些种类的痘病毒能够感染多种动物,而另一些只感染一种动物。鉴于最近爆发的猴痘,痘病毒能够感染多个物种,需要更好地了解宿主痘病毒的多样性和演变是特别重要的。该项目将使用新技术,结合自然历史博物馆中的历史和现代动物样本,以扩大我们对痘病毒感染整个生命之树的理解。此外,该项目还通过增加STEM的多样性并将代表性不足的少数族裔置于前沿研究的中心来创建多元化的劳动力队伍,从而推进NSF的目标。具体来说,这项工作涉及将一个主要为本科生、少数族裔服务的机构与芝加哥及其他地区的几个主要研究机构的合作伙伴联系起来,为参与该项目的学生创造一个机会网络。该项目将利用来自已知发生痘爆发的地区和时期的大量历史博物馆标本,并推进基因组技术,以扩大我们对痘病毒进化和宿主多样性的了解。拟议的工作将侧重于三个博物馆收藏,目标是:过去的爆发(天花);当前的爆发(猴痘);最后,一个新出现的威胁(阿拉斯卡痘)。病毒基因组将使用高通量测序和靶向富集方法的组合从痘阳性样本中生成,使研究人员能够阐明这些复杂但研究很少的病原体的进化历史。 这些数据将用于回答一系列与正痘病毒进化相关的问题,包括:1)基因组结构如何影响不同种痘病毒的宿主范围?2)中间宿主或远亲宿主在正痘病毒的多样化或传播中发挥作用吗?以及3)增加哺乳动物中正痘病毒的已知多样性是否有助于解决人类天花的系统发育位置和起源?该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命,并被认为是值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

项目成果

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Molly McDonough其他文献

The 2024 Materials Research Society Fall Meeting & Exhibit reports interdisciplinary materials research
  • DOI:
    10.1557/s43577-025-00927-6
  • 发表时间:
    2025-05-30
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.900
  • 作者:
    Judy Meiksin;Sophia Chen;Andrew M. Fitzgerald;Molly McDonough;Jun Meng;In Young Park;Ethan To;Vineeth Venugopal;Ashleigh K. Wilson
  • 通讯作者:
    Ashleigh K. Wilson
Unraveling Ecological Effects on Social Behavior. Insights from Tent-roosting Bats
揭示生态对社会行为的影响。
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2012
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Richard D. Stevens;Robert J. Baker;José Arce;Gustavo Induni;Javier Guevara;Amanda Acamando;Natalia Aristizabal;Adriana Bravo;Gustavo Bravo;Santiago Claramunt;Andrés Cuervo;Sandra Galeano;Jessie Deichmann;Luciano Naka;Fabiana Mendoza;Jonathan Myers;Carlos Prada;Ellen Reid;Catalina Restrepo;María Rodríguez;Cesar Sanchez;Lori Patrick;Sebastian Tello;F. Anwarali;Juanpi Carrera;Adam Ferguson;Hawie Huynk;Peter Larsen;Roxi Larsen;Hugo Mantilla;Molly McDonough;Nicte Ordoñez
  • 通讯作者:
    Nicte Ordoñez
The 2024 MRS Spring Meeting & Exhibit made its debut in Seattle!
  • DOI:
    10.1557/s43577-024-00759-w
  • 发表时间:
    2024-07-16
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.900
  • 作者:
    Judy Meiksin;Sophia Chen;Kazi Zihan Hossain;Molly McDonough
  • 通讯作者:
    Molly McDonough
Unlocking topological phase transitions in HfTe5 through strain
  • DOI:
    10.1557/s43577-024-00712-x
  • 发表时间:
    2024-04-05
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4.900
  • 作者:
    Molly McDonough
  • 通讯作者:
    Molly McDonough

Molly McDonough的其他文献

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