"CAREER:" Shark Survivor! Interdisciplinary approaches to modern and paleo- ecology in research and education

“职业：”鲨鱼幸存者！

• 批准号: 2239981
• 负责人: Sora Kim
• 金额: $ 99.57万
• 依托单位: University of California - Merced
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2239981&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Shark; Survivor; Interdisciplinary; approaches

Sharks have roamed the oceans for the past 400 million years and survived past periods of severe climate change. Today, sharks live in a range of habitats, but are increasingly impacted by human activity. Many scientists study the movement, diet, and ecology of today’s sharks, but how does this compare to ancient sharks? Fortunately, shark teeth are one of the most abundant fossils and biological details are encoded within their chemistry and shape. This project seeks to bridge our understanding of modern and ancient shark ecology using techniques from geochemistry, paleontology, and modeling. This project focuses on the Eocene Epoch (56 - 34My) with its warm temperatures and high carbon dioxide levels, which is often invoked as a deep-time analogue for future climate change. Some shark samples will be collected by undergraduate students from the University of California, Merced during a hands-on course at Field School based in Miami, Florida. These students will also learn laboratory skills and build a research community with the Summer Undergraduate Research Institute. This interdisciplinary approach will also be part of “Shark Survivor!” a one-week summer workshop of middle school students as part of CalTeach’s Bobcat STEM Academy.This proposal seeks to delve into shark macroecology and bridge concepts between modern and ancient marine ecosystems by integrating geochemical and modeling approaches within paleobiology. The regions of interest are the Arctic Ocean/North Sea, Antarctic Southern Ocean, and Gulf of Mexico; these regions have multiple Eocene localities and together span a latitudinal range, which allows for ecological comparisons across environmental gradients. Objectives for this project include: 1) a comparison of temperature and salinity gradients within a region using stable isotope analysis and global climate outputs; 2) advancement of zinc and enameloid bound nitrogen isotopes as trophic level indicators for fossil sharks; 3) exploration of marine food web structure while considering demography dynamics and community diversity. The goal of this project is to transform shark paleobiology and align modern and paleo- ecological concepts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的4亿年里，鲨鱼一直在海洋中游荡，并在过去严重的气候变化时期幸存下来。今天，鲨鱼生活在一系列栖息地，但越来越多地受到人类活动的影响。许多科学家研究今天鲨鱼的运动、饮食和生态，但这与古代鲨鱼相比如何？幸运的是，鲨鱼牙齿是最丰富的化石之一，生物细节在它们的化学和形状中被编码。这个项目试图通过使用来自地球化学、古生物学和建模的技术来沟通我们对现代和古代鲨鱼生态的理解。该项目的重点是始新世(56-34My)，它的温暖的温度和高二氧化碳水平，这经常被引用为未来气候变化的深时间类比。一些鲨鱼样本将由加州大学默塞德分校的本科生在佛罗里达州迈阿密的菲尔德学校的实践课程中收集。这些学生还将学习实验室技能，并与暑期本科生研究所建立研究社区。这种跨学科的方法也将是《鲨鱼幸存者！》的一部分。作为CalTeach的山猫STEM学院的一部分，为期一周的中学生暑期工作坊。这项建议旨在通过将地球化学和建模方法整合到古生物学中，深入研究鲨鱼的宏观生态，并在现代和古代海洋生态系统之间架起一座桥梁。感兴趣的区域是北冰洋/北海、南极南大洋和墨西哥湾；这些区域有多个始新世地点，一起跨越一个纬度范围，这使得可以跨环境梯度进行生态比较。该项目的目标包括：1)利用稳定同位素分析和全球气候输出比较一个区域内的温度和盐度梯度；2)发展锌和珐琅结合氮同位素作为鲨鱼化石的营养水平指标；3)在考虑人口动态和群落多样性的同时探索海洋食物网结构。该项目的目标是改变鲨鱼古生物学，并使现代和古生态概念保持一致。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Exploring uranium isotopes in shark teeth as a paleo-redox proxy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2023.11.034
• 发表时间: 2023-12
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Haoyu Li;M. Kipp;Sora L. Kim;E. Kast;J. Eberle;François L. H. Tissot

Enigmatic carbonate isotope values in shark teeth: Evidence for environmental and dietary controls

• DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111943
• 发表时间: 2023-12-14
• 期刊: PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Karnes，Molly E.;Chan，Rachel L.;Kim，Sora L.
• 通讯作者: Kim，Sora L.