"CAREER:" Shark Survivor! Interdisciplinary approaches to modern and paleo- ecology in research and education

“职业：”鲨鱼幸存者！

• 批准号: 2239981
• 负责人: Sora Kim
• 金额: $ 99.57万
• 依托单位: University of California - Merced
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-03-01 至 2028-02-29
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2239981&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Shark; Survivor; Interdisciplinary; approaches

Sharks have roamed the oceans for the past 400 million years and survived past periods of severe climate change. Today, sharks live in a range of habitats, but are increasingly impacted by human activity. Many scientists study the movement, diet, and ecology of today’s sharks, but how does this compare to ancient sharks? Fortunately, shark teeth are one of the most abundant fossils and biological details are encoded within their chemistry and shape. This project seeks to bridge our understanding of modern and ancient shark ecology using techniques from geochemistry, paleontology, and modeling. This project focuses on the Eocene Epoch (56 - 34My) with its warm temperatures and high carbon dioxide levels, which is often invoked as a deep-time analogue for future climate change. Some shark samples will be collected by undergraduate students from the University of California, Merced during a hands-on course at Field School based in Miami, Florida. These students will also learn laboratory skills and build a research community with the Summer Undergraduate Research Institute. This interdisciplinary approach will also be part of “Shark Survivor!” a one-week summer workshop of middle school students as part of CalTeach’s Bobcat STEM Academy.This proposal seeks to delve into shark macroecology and bridge concepts between modern and ancient marine ecosystems by integrating geochemical and modeling approaches within paleobiology. The regions of interest are the Arctic Ocean/North Sea, Antarctic Southern Ocean, and Gulf of Mexico; these regions have multiple Eocene localities and together span a latitudinal range, which allows for ecological comparisons across environmental gradients. Objectives for this project include: 1) a comparison of temperature and salinity gradients within a region using stable isotope analysis and global climate outputs; 2) advancement of zinc and enameloid bound nitrogen isotopes as trophic level indicators for fossil sharks; 3) exploration of marine food web structure while considering demography dynamics and community diversity. The goal of this project is to transform shark paleobiology and align modern and paleo- ecological concepts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的4亿年中，鲨鱼已经漫游了海洋，并在过去的严重气候变化时期幸存下来。如今，鲨鱼生活在各种栖息地，但受人类活动的影响越来越多。许多科学家研究了当今鲨鱼的运动，饮食和生态，但是与古代鲨鱼相比如何？幸运的是，鲨鱼牙齿是最丰富的化石之一，生物学细节在其化学和形状中编码。该项目旨在利用地球化学，古生物学和建模的技术来弥合我们对现代和古老的鲨鱼生态学的理解。该项目着重于始新世时期（56-34MY），其温度温暖和二氧化碳水平高，通常被称为未来气候变化的深度类似物。来自加利福尼亚大学的本科生将收集一些鲨鱼样本，在佛罗里达州迈阿密的野外学校的动手课程中，将收集一些鲨鱼样本。这些学生还将学习实验室技能，并在夏季本科研究所建立研究社区。这种跨学科的方法也将成为“鲨鱼幸存者！”的一部分。作为Calteach山猫STEM学院的一部分，为期一周的夏季研讨会。该提案试图通过整合古生物学中的地球化学和建模方法来深入现代和古代海洋生态系统之间的鲨鱼宏观生态学和桥梁概念。感兴趣的地区是北极海洋/北海，南极南大洋和墨西哥湾。这些区域具有多个始新世的位置，并共同跨越了纬度范围，从而可以在环境梯度之间进行生态比较。该项目的目标包括：1）使用稳定的同位素分析和全球气候产量比较区域内温度和盐度梯度的比较； 2）锌和磁原状结合的氮同位素作为化石鲨鱼的营养水平指标的发展； 3）探索海洋食品网络结构，同时考虑人口动态和社区多样性。该项目的目的是改变鲨鱼古生物学，并使现代和古生态概念结盟。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估标准来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

Exploring uranium isotopes in shark teeth as a paleo-redox proxy

• DOI: 10.1016/j.gca.2023.11.034
• 发表时间: 2023-12
• 期刊: Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Haoyu Li;M. Kipp;Sora L. Kim;E. Kast;J. Eberle;François L. H. Tissot

Enigmatic carbonate isotope values in shark teeth: Evidence for environmental and dietary controls

• DOI: 10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111943
• 发表时间: 2023-12-14
• 期刊: PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Karnes，Molly E.;Chan，Rachel L.;Kim，Sora L.
• 通讯作者: Kim，Sora L.