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Collaborative Research: THE BENTHIC MICROALGAL SUBSIDY IN ESTUARINE ECOSYSTEMS

合作研究：河口生态系统中的底栖微藻补贴

基本信息

批准号：
2241830
负责人：
James Pinckney
金额：
$ 84.44万
依托单位：
University of South Carolina at Columbia
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2023
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2241830&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research BENTHIC MICROALGAL SUBSIDY

项目摘要

Estuaries are nurseries that are critical habitat for many commercially and recreationally important species. The base of the food web in these systems is supplied by microalgal primary production in both the water column (phytoplankton) and the sediments (benthic microalgae). This project focuses on quantifying the contribution of benthic microalgae to total ecosystem primary production in the North Inlet Estuary, SC. Benthic microalgal production estimates along an elevational gradient (low to high tide region) are then used to assess responses to the impending sea level rise. The results have implications for wetlands valuation, carbon credits, trophodynamics, and carbon storage in estuarine ecosystems. This research is transformative in that it provides the first ever comprehensive measures of intertidal, ecosystem-level benthic microalgal contributions to total net primary production to evaluate the ecological importance of BMA for estuarine ecosystem processes and functions. The research results will likely restructure our understanding and current paradigms of energy flow and cycling processes in estuaries. In addition to the research activities, the project involves the mentorship of graduate students and undergraduates, with efforts to recruit students from historically underrepresented groups; incorporation of findings into educational materials for teachers and K-12 students; and a community science program in collaboration with the National Estuarine Research Reserve.Our current understanding of ecosystem net primary production in southeastern estuaries is missing a fundamental component that may, in fact, provide as much as a third of the fixed C fueling the high biomass of upper trophic levels. The concept of a major benthic microalgal-based subsidy contradicts the traditional views that phytoplankton and detritus-based food webs are the only energy sources for most southeastern estuaries. This project quantitatively determines the relative BMA contribution by characterizing the spatiotemporal variability in BMA NPP to estimate the annual ecosystem-level contribution to total system NPP. The primary objective is the measurement of estuarine intertidal BMA NPP, biomass, community composition, and relevant environmental variables (nutrients, grain size, porosity, etc.) along fixed transects that span the intertidal elevational gradient from mean low water to mean high water and incorporate these results in a GIS DEM to calculate ecosystem-level BMA NPP. Furthermore, the GIS model predicts shifts in the magnitude and spatial distribution of BMA NPP resulting from various sea-level rise scenarios.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

河口是许多商业和娱乐重要物种的重要栖息地。在这些系统中，食物网的基础是由水柱（浮游植物）和沉积物（底栖微藻）中的微藻初级生产提供的。该项目的重点是量化的底栖微藻的贡献，总生态系统初级生产力在北入口河口，南卡罗来纳州底栖微藻生产估计沿着海拔梯度（低到高潮区），然后用于评估响应即将到来的海平面上升。研究结果对湿地价值评估、碳信用额、营养动力学和河口生态系统碳储存具有重要意义。这项研究是变革性的，因为它提供了有史以来第一次全面的措施，潮间带，生态系统级的底栖微藻的贡献，总净初级生产力，以评估河口生态系统过程和功能的生态重要性BMA。研究结果可能会重构我们的理解和当前的能量流动和循环过程的河口范例。除了研究活动外，该项目还包括指导研究生和本科生，努力从历来代表性不足的群体中招收学生;将研究结果纳入教师和K-12学生的教材;以及与国家河口研究保护区合作的社区科学计划。我们目前对东南河口生态系统净初级生产力的理解缺少一个事实上，它可能提供多达三分之一的固定碳，为上层营养水平的高生物量提供燃料。一个主要的底栖微藻为基础的补贴的概念相矛盾的传统观点，浮游植物和碎屑为基础的食物网是唯一的能源，大多数东南部河口。本项目通过描述BMA NPP的时空变异性来定量确定BMA的相对贡献，以估算生态系统水平对总系统NPP的贡献。主要目的是测量河口潮间带生物质净初级生产力、生物量、群落组成和相关环境变量（营养物、粒度、孔隙度等）。沿着固定断面，跨越平均低潮到平均高潮的潮间带海拔梯度，并将这些结果纳入GIS DEM，以计算生态系统水平的BMA NPP。此外，GIS模型还预测了各种海平面上升情景导致的BMA NPP规模和空间分布的变化。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并且通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响进行评估，被认为值得支持审查标准。