Modelling the initial structural dynamics of soil and sediment exemplified for a constructed hydrological catchment

水文集水区沉积物的初始空间分布是生态系统发展的起点。生态水文自组织分析需要定量描述的结构和空间异质性的沉积物和土壤。在初始发育阶段，主要通过迁移作用改变原生沉积物结构，从而将初始体系细分为不同的结构格室。目前尚不清楚生态系统和水文集水区的未来发展途径在多大程度上取决于这种新出现的结构和隔间的初始空间设置。在以前的工作中，一个基于过程的结构发生器已开发的三维建模的初始沉积物分布在集水区。该项目的目标是开发一种地质土壤学建模方法，用于在考虑形成过程和三维固体质量平衡的水文集水区中生成空间和结构异质性。为此，我们要进一步发展现有的初始结构模型作为一个综合工具，以（i）分析时空发展动态依赖于初始结构，（ii）与模拟结构的发展（观察到的）水文行为。人工创建的水文集水区Hühnerwasser（Lower Lusatia，勃兰登堡，德国）将用于模型开发，因为有大量的监测数据。为了说明初步开发情况，将使用已经建立的结构生成模型来模拟侵蚀和沉积结构、结壳和植被。这些模型之间的参数交换将通过专用软件接口（OpenMI）进行。这种遗传学方法应允许在多种情况下以机械的、基于过程的方式生成可行的沉积物分布和固相结构。土壤水力参数的三维分布将估计所产生的沉积物的性质，使用自适应pedotransfer函数。将通过比较模型结果与实测流量，评估结构发展对集水区水文特性的影响。通过比较不同生成的三维沉积物分布的情景，将分析空间结构变化对水流行为的影响。通过从模型数据中确定可推广的生态水文分区（过程域），可以将结果转移到类似的环境（例如采矿后和冰川后景观）。

The initial spatial distribution of sediments in a hydrological catchment forms a starting point for ecosystem development. Analysis of eco-hydrological self-organisation require quantitative descriptions of structures and spatial heterogeneities in the sediment and in the soil. During the initial development period, the primary sediment structures are altered mainly by translocation processes, thereby subdividing the initial system in different structural compartments. It is currently unclear to what extent the future development pathway of the ecosystem and hydrological catchment depends on the initial spatial setup of such newly-emerging structures and compartments. In previous work, a process-based structure generator has been developed for the 3D modelling of initial sediment distributions within the catchment. The objective of this project is the development of a geo-pedologic modelling approach for the generation of spatial and structural heterogeneity in hydrological catchments considering formation processes and 3D solid mass balances. For this purpose, we want to further develop the existing initial structure model as an integrative tool in order to (i) analyse the spatio-temporal development dynamics depending on initial structures, and (ii) relate the simulated structural development to the (observed) hydrological behaviour. The artificially-created hydrological catchment Hühnerwasser (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany) will serve for the model development because of the extensive monitoring data. For the description of the initial development, already established structure-generating models will be used for the simulation of erosion and deposition structures, crusts and vegetation. The parameter exchange between these models will be carried out by a special software interface (OpenMI). This genetic approach should allow for a mechanistic, process-based generation of viable sediment distribution and solid-phase structures in multiple scenarios. The 3D distributions of soil hydraulic parameter will be estimated from generated sediment properties using adapted pedotransfer functions. The impact of the structural development on the hydrological behaviour of the catchment will be evaluated by comparing model results with measured discharges. By comparing scenarios with different generated 3D sediment distributions, the impact of changing spatial structures on flow behaviour will be analysed. By identifying generalizable eco-hydrological compartments (Process Domains) from model data, results may be transferred to similar environments (e.g. post-mining and post-glacial landscapes).