CAREER: Identifying Ecosystem Properties Promoting Stability and Resistance: Modeling Late Ordovician Paleocommunity Dynamics and Functioning Across the Richmondian Invasion

职业：识别生态系统特性，促进稳定性和抵抗力：模拟晚奥陶世古群落动态和里士满入侵期间的功能

• 批准号: 2246395
• 负责人: Carrie Tyler
• 金额: $ 55.57万
• 依托单位: University of Nevada Las Vegas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2246395&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Identifying; Ecosystem; Properties; Promoting

Invasive species cause many extinctions today, but there is still a lot scientists do not know about how new, non-native species can change the way an ecosystem works. The researchers will enter information from the fossil record into computer models of food webs to understand what happened when new species arrived in ancient marine ecosystems. What the investigators learn from the past can benefit society because it can lead to determining consequences of similar species invasions today and in the future. The fossil food web models are helping researchers understand the connection between number of species in ecosystems and their stability, as well as how and why ecosystems have changed over the last 500 million years. So that others can use fossil food web modeling in paleontology, the new software program is free and available online. The Cincinnati Series (USA) preserves a well-documented influx of species that is being used to construct food web models of shallow marine paleocommunities from the Late Ordovician before, during, and after the Richmondian Invasion to test hypotheses determining the effects of biotic immigrations on ecosystem structure and functioning. Comparisons between Paleozoic and polar ecosystems are being made to provide insight into the consequences of anticipated immigrations and invasions expected to occur in the near future. Modeled food web stability and resistance are compared to (1) identify changes in ecosystem dynamics resulting from asymmetrical biotic interchange, (2) isolate properties promoting stability and resistance, and (3) make explicit predictions regarding the outcome of polar invasions. These data are providing crucial insights into the drivers of the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event, one of the most significant prolonged increases of marine diversity in Earth history. Training of undergraduate interns and mentoring of graduate students are advancing discovery and understanding. Broad dissemination of the software program is enhancing scientific and technological understanding.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

如今，入侵物种导致了许多物种的灭绝，但仍然有很多科学家不知道新的非本地物种如何改变生态系统的运作方式。研究人员将把化石记录中的信息输入到食物网的计算机模型中，以了解当新物种到达古代海洋生态系统时会发生什么。研究人员从过去学到的东西对社会有益，因为它可以确定今天和未来类似物种入侵的后果。化石食物网模型正在帮助研究人员了解生态系统中物种数量与其稳定性之间的联系，以及生态系统在过去5亿年中如何以及为什么发生了变化。因此，其他人可以在古生物学中使用化石食物网建模，新的软件程序是免费的，并且可以在线获得。辛辛那提系列（美国）保存了大量物种的大量涌入，这些物种被用来构建晚奥陶纪浅海古群落的食物网模型，这些模型来自里奇蒙德入侵之前、期间和之后，以检验关于生物迁移对生态系统结构和功能影响的假设。古生代生态系统和极地生态系统之间的比较正在进行，以提供对预计在不久的将来发生的预期移民和入侵的后果的深入了解。将模拟食物网的稳定性和抗性进行比较(1)确定由不对称生物交换引起的生态系统动态变化，(2)分离促进稳定性和抗性的特性，以及(3)对极地入侵的结果做出明确的预测。这些数据为奥陶纪生物多样性大事件的驱动因素提供了重要的见解，这是地球历史上最重要的海洋多样性长期增长之一。对本科生实习生的培训和对研究生的指导正在促进发现和理解。该软件程序的广泛传播增强了人们对科学技术的认识。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。