SaTC: CORE: Small: Practical Private Information Retrieval

SaTC：核心：小型：实用的私人信息检索

• 批准号: 2246386
• 负责人: Ling Ren
• 金额: $ 53.62万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-10-01 至 2026-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2246386&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SaTC; CORE; Small; Practical; Private

Private information retrieval (PIR) is one of the most fundamental cryptographic primitives to protect user privacy online. It has many applications including anonymous communication, privacy-preserving media streaming, and private look-ups for safe browsing. PIR is also closely related to other important privacy-preserving cryptographic tools, such as private set intersection, which has been used in password monitoring and harmful content discovery. After decades of research, single-server PIR schemes still have performance limitations. The main bottlenecks include high communication costs, heavy computation, and large server storage. The performance further worsens if the database has many entries but each individual entry is small -- a common scenario in real-world applications. Unfortunately, many of these obstacles are fundamental in the standard setting of PIR. This project presents new paradigms for single-server PIR, including homomorphic encryption composition, vectorized batch PIR, and stateful PIR. The goal is to substantially improve single-server PIR in all aspects: communication, computation, storage, and range of supported database parameters, to eventually make it practical for a wide range of real-world applications.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

私人信息检索（PIR）是保护在线用户隐私的最基本的密码学原语之一。它有许多应用程序，包括匿名通信、保护隐私的媒体流以及用于安全浏览的私人查找。 PIR 还与其他重要的隐私保护加密工具密切相关，例如已用于密码监控和有害内容发现的私有集交集。 经过几十年的研究，单服务器 PIR 方案仍然存在性能限制。主要瓶颈包括通信成本高、计算量大、服务器存储量大。如果数据库有许多条目但每个条目都很小（这是现实应用程序中的常见情况），则性能会进一步恶化。不幸的是，其中许多障碍对于 PIR 标准的制定来说是根本性的。该项目提出了单服务器 PIR 的新范例，包括同态加密组合、矢量化批量 PIR 和状态 PIR。目标是在通信、计算、存储和支持的数据库参数范围等各个方面大幅改进单服务器 PIR，最终使其可用于广泛的现实应用。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。