Affirmative and rejective responses to negative assertions and questions

对负面断言和问题的肯定和拒绝反应

• 批准号: 254864408
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Sophie Repp
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Deutsche Sprache und Literatur I
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/254864408?language=en
• 关键词: Affirmative; rejective; responses; negative; assertions

The project continues the investigation of affirmative and rejective responses to negative assertions and polar questions with response particles (yes, no, ja, nein, doch etc.) from the first funding period of XPrag.de. The results obtained in the first funding period have been quite surprising in several ways and require more extended and more in-depth analysis, as well as further systematic quantitative empirical testing. First, we found differences between the languages under investigation (German/English) that were unexpected for existing theoretical accounts of response particles. A comparison with a third language (Dutch) revealed more cross-linguistic differences. Second, we found great inter-individual variation in the acceptability of response particles to the extent that speakers showed opposite preferences in specific (language-dependent) dialogue types. Third, we unexpectedly found subtle differences between responses to negative questions and negative assertions in German and in English. Fourth, the exploration of factors that overall are crucial in a good understanding of response particles like the availability of positive and negative propositions, although still in its initial stages, has yielded promising results for a more intensive investigation. The project is designed to continue the investigation of the particle responses and propositional anaphors for which the first funding period has delivered partly surprising findings. In the second funding period we plan to further scrutinize these findings and fill gaps in the empirical coverage that have arisen as a consequence of the unexpected findings, with the goal to create a suitable database for a thorough theoretical evaluation. The empirical work to be carried out will consist in (A) an extension of the range of languages under investigation, (B) an extension to more types of biased antecedents, (C) an investigation of prosodic factors, (D) an investigation of responses with propositional anaphors beyond yes and no. We expect from these investigations a clearer understanding of the interplay of grammar (syntax, semantics and prosody) and individual preferences both with respect to response particles and with respect to anaphoric processes in the realm of propositions. Furthermore, we expect to gain better insights into the issue if, and if so, how factors like speaker bias, which do not normally enter the analyses of response particles may contribute to the use of these particles.

该项目继续调查对否定断言的肯定和否定反应以及带有反应助词（是，不，ja，nein，doch等）的极性问题。从XPrag.de的第一个融资期开始。第一个供资期取得的成果在若干方面令人相当惊讶，需要进行更广泛和更深入的分析，并进一步进行系统的定量实证检验。首先，我们发现了正在调查的语言（德语/英语）之间的差异，这是出乎意料的现有理论帐户的反应粒子。与第三种语言（荷兰语）的比较显示出更多的跨语言差异。第二，我们发现很大的个体间的变化，在某种程度上，扬声器显示出相反的偏好，在特定的（语言依赖）对话类型的响应粒子的可接受性。第三，我们意外地发现了德语和英语中对否定疑问句和否定断言的反应之间的微妙差异。第四，探索的因素，总体上是至关重要的，在一个很好的理解反应粒子，如积极和消极的命题的可用性，虽然仍处于初始阶段，产生了可喜的结果，更深入的调查。该项目旨在继续研究粒子反应和命题回指，第一个资助期已经提供了部分令人惊讶的发现。在第二个资助期内，我们计划进一步审查这些发现，并填补由于意外发现而出现的经验覆盖范围的空白，目标是为彻底的理论评估创建合适的数据库。实验工作包括（A）扩大所研究语言的范围，（B）扩展到更多类型的偏置先行词，（C）韵律因素的调查，（D）对是和否之外的命题回指的反应的调查。我们期望通过这些调查更清楚地了解语法的相互作用（句法，语义和韵律）和个人的偏好，无论是关于回应粒子和关于回指过程中的命题领域。此外，我们希望更好地了解这个问题，如果是这样的话，如何像扬声器的偏见，通常不进入响应粒子的分析可能有助于使用这些粒子的因素。