GEM: Modeling and Analysis of Extreme Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs)

GEM：极端地磁感应电流 (GIC) 的建模和分析

• 批准号: 2300579
• 负责人: Chigomezyo Ngwira
• 金额: $ 44.94万
• 依托单位: Catholic University of America
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2300579&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GEM; Modeling; Analysis; Extreme; Geomagnetically

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). The primary objective of the this award is to advance the understanding of the fundamental processes that control the development and evolution of extreme geomagnetically induced currents (GICs). The horizontal geoelectric field induced at the Earth's surface is the primary quantity that determines the magnitude of GIC that flow on high-voltage power transmission networks. However, knowledge on many aspects of the dynamic solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere interactions that control the generation and evolution of the geoelectric fields is lacking, especially during extreme geomagnetic storms. The award would carry out a detailed characterization of the dynamic solar wind-magnetosphere-ionosphere processes that produce extreme geoelectric fields. Specifically, the award would address the science objectives: 1) What are the key high-latitude processes associated with the development and evolution of extreme geoelectric fields? (2) What is the role of field-aligned current meso-scale structures in the development of extreme geoelectric fields? (3) What are the key physical parameters/processes that control the auroral equatorward boundary expansion to lower latitudes? The award investigation is aligned with the White House-led National Science and Technology Council (National Space Weather Strategy and Action Plan, 2015/2019) that identified GICs as one of the top national threats. This award also contains a STEM education component in-which undergraduate students would be supported and mentored to advance knowledge and understanding while promoting teaching, training and learning. The award research plan features a comprehensive data analysis and modeling effort that would connect new multiscale understanding of the fundamental drivers of GICs with GIC modeling. Observations from AMPERE/Swarm, SuperMAG, THEMIS, DMSP, and SuperDARN would be combined with global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations to address the science questions. The University of Michigan, SWMF, a global MHD application available at the CCMC operating at NASA/GSFC, would carry out a tightly integrated analysis of numerical modeling in combination with observations. The magnetosphere and ionosphere processes would be examined to determine when, why, and how changes in magnetosphere, magnetotail, magnetopause and in ionosphere currents affect the electric field characteristics. An in-depth analysis would be performed to understand what in the magnetosphere causes the geoelectric field latitude boundary effect, and their relationship to the boundary location in the simulations and observations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》（公法117-2）全部或部分资助的。该奖项的主要目标是促进对控制极端地磁诱导电流（GIC）的发展和演变的基本过程的理解。在地球表面诱导的水平地理电场是决定高压动力传输网络上GIC大小的主要数量。然而，缺乏控制地球磁场的产生和演变的动态太阳能风层相互作用的许多方面的知识，尤其是在极端的地磁风暴中。该奖项将对产生极端地球场的动态太阳能磁层流动过程进行详细表征。具体而言，该奖项将解决科学目标：1）与极端地球场的发展和演变相关的关键高纬度过程是什么？ （2）现场对准的当前中尺度结构在极端地球场发展中的作用是什么？ （3）控制极光边界扩展到较低纬度的关键物理参数/过程是什么？该奖项调查与白宫领导的国家科学技术委员会（国家太空天气战略与行动计划，2015/2019年）保持一致，该委员会将GICS确定为最重要的国家威胁之一。该奖项还包含一个STEM教育组成部分，本科生将得到支持和指导，以提高知识和理解，同时促进教学，培训和学习。该奖项研究计划具有全面的数据分析和建模工作，该计划将与GIC建模有关GIC的基本驱动因素的新多尺度理解。 Ampere/Swarm，Supermag，Themis，DMSP和Superdarn的观察将与全球磁流失动力学（MHD）模拟结合使用，以解决科学问题。密歇根大学SWMF是CCMC在NASA/GSFC运营的全球MHD应用程序，将对数值建模进行严格集成，并结合观察结果。将检查磁层和电离层工艺，以确定磁层，磁尾，磁磁性和电离层电流的变化何时，原因以及如何影响电场特征。将进行深入的分析，以了解磁层中的原因导致地球场纬度边界效应，及其与模拟和观察中边界位置的关系。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识绩效和更广泛影响的评估来通过评估来获得支持的。