ERI: Reaction Mechanisms Against Cyberattacks Designed to Result in Voltage Collapse in Smart Power Distribution Systems: Modeling and Experimental Validation Frameworks

ERI：针对旨在导致智能配电系统电压崩溃的网络攻击的反应机制：建模和实验验证框架

• 批准号: 2301349
• 负责人: Arash Asrari
• 金额: $ 19.95万
• 依托单位: Southern Illinois University at Carbondale
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2023-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2301349&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ERI; Reaction; Mechanisms; Against; Cyberattacks

Despite high levels of security redundancy in the U.S. bulk electric power grid, it is acknowledged that a sophisticated cyber attack could potentially bring down the U.S. power system. Strengthening the cyber security of national infrastructures such as the power grid is of major concern. This has led to a significant research literature on power systems cybersecurity. Most of this literature focuses on cyberattack prevention and less on dealing with attacks aimed at bypassing the detection stage. Hence, this research will study reaction mechanisms to remediate incidents on power systems that are caused by cyberattacks bypassing the detection stage. The developed remedial action frameworks in this project will yield new insights that will be valuable to researchers/engineers working on resilience improvement for smart distribution systems against non-detectable cyberattacks. The outcomes of this research will be shared with professional engineers (PEs) via industry seminars, providing professional development hours and updating their knowledge on vulnerability of power systems to cyberattacks. In addition, the project will broaden participation in engineering through summer workshops to involve K-12 students from underrepresented groups for the purpose of diversifying the STEM leaders for modern operation of the U.S power grid.The focus of this project is to address the following research issue: “How to react to cyberattacks on the load tap changing (LTC) mechanism of autotransformers within power distribution systems to tackle an intended voltage collapse.” Within this scope, the first objective of the research is to investigate vulnerability of LTCs to cyberattacks targeting voltage collapse in distribution systems. Reaching this objective for a distribution system operator will result in a sophisticated attack model that bypasses state estimation-based bad data detection, based on which realistic remedial actions can be developed. The second objective is to design primary/backup reaction mechanisms to mitigate the voltage collapse resulting from the attacked LTCs. To attain this objective, several algorithms will be created to design a primary remediation technique based on distribution network reconfiguration customized by a deep learning framework. The primary reaction scheme will be supported by a backup electricity market-based mechanism, where distributed synchronous generators will optimally contribute to mitigation of cyberattacks in the regions of the system not fully alleviated by network reconfiguration. Finally, the third objective of this research is to perform hardware-in-the-loop experimental validation of the proposed remedial actions on a lab-scale smart microgrid.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

尽管美国大型电网的安全冗余水平很高，但人们承认，复杂的网络攻击可能会导致美国电力系统崩溃。加强电网等国家基础设施的网络安全是一个重大关切。这导致了电力系统网络安全的重要研究文献。这些文献大多侧重于网络攻击预防，而较少涉及处理旨在绕过检测阶段的攻击。因此，本研究将研究反应机制，以补救绕过检测阶段的网络攻击所造成的电力系统事故。该项目中开发的补救行动框架将产生新的见解，对于致力于提高智能配电系统抵御不可检测网络攻击的弹性的研究人员/工程师来说，这将是有价值的。这项研究的成果将通过行业研讨会与专业工程师（PE）分享，提供专业发展时间，并更新他们对电力系统网络攻击脆弱性的了解。此外，该项目还将通过夏季研讨会扩大工程学的参与，让来自代表性不足群体的K-12学生参与进来，以实现STEM领导者的多样化，以适应美国电网的现代化运营。该项目的重点是解决以下研究问题：“如何应对配电系统内自耦变压器的有载抽头变换（LTC）机制的网络攻击，以解决预期的电压崩溃。在此范围内，本研究的第一个目标是调查针对配电系统电压崩溃的LTCs网络攻击的脆弱性。为配电系统运营商实现这一目标将导致绕过基于状态估计的不良数据检测的复杂攻击模型，基于该模型可以开发现实的补救措施。第二个目标是设计主要/备用反应机制，以减轻电压崩溃所造成的攻击LTCs。为了实现这一目标，将创建几种算法来设计基于深度学习框架定制的配电网络重构的主要修复技术。主要反应计划将得到一个基于电力市场的备用机制的支持，其中分布式同步发电机将最大限度地有助于缓解网络重构未完全缓解的系统区域的网络攻击。最后，本研究的第三个目标是在实验室规模的智能微电网上对拟议的补救措施进行硬件在环实验验证。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。