Collaborative Research: Characterizing Northern Hemisphere Atmospheric Variability from Central American Wind Gap-Induced Upwelling

合作研究：通过中美洲风隙引起的上升流来表征北半球大气变化

• 批准号: 2303599
• 负责人: Patrick Rafter
• 金额: $ 49.1万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2303599&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Characterizing; Northern; Hemisphere

There are three locations along the Central American Sierra Madre mountains that are low enough to allow winds to pass from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. The northernmost of these wind gaps is the ‘Tehuantepec Gap’ (along the southwest coast of Mexico). These locally known winds (here simply Tehuantepec Gap Winds) drive intense upwelling of cool, nutrient-rich water in the Gulf primarily in the winter when high atmospheric pressures over North America establish a pressure gradient across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. Despite the potential importance of the Tehuantepec Gap Winds as an Atlantic-Pacific teleconnection, there has been no attempt to predict the response of these winds to changes in regional climate dynamics in the context of rapid and global climate change. The researchers suggest to combine past climate records of upwelling (from sedimentary radiocarbon over the last 30.000 years) and model simulations to characterize atmospheric dynamical processes over the North Atlantic, and to examine both the sensitivity of these winds to ‘upstream’ factors as well as the ‘downstream’ implications of this inter-basin coupling. A novel Atlantic-Pacific Ocean-atmosphere feedback mechanism is suggesting in the methodological framework and hypothesis testing of this project in which the Tehuantepec Gap Winds and atmospheric Rossby waves play a central role. This collaborative project will support two early career scientists, and the education and scientific training of undergraduate students at UC Irvine (both a Hispanic Serving Institution and Native American Pacific Islander-Serving Institution). The researchers will continue engagement in their institution’ broadening participation efforts, including ATOC REU in Atmospheric, Oceanic, and Cryospheric Sciences (NSF 2150262), a program that primarily recruits from Hispanic Serving Institutions to introduce students to data science and geoscience research. Additionally, a lesson plan focused on long-term variations in Earth’s climate will be developed as part of this project and piloted through Environmental Climate Change and Literacy Projects in California’s outreach programs and posted in an openly available national online repository for climate pedagogy (called “Subject to Climate”).The Gulf of Tehuantepec is an ideal location to characterize ‘upstream’ atmospheric processes linking the Pacific and Atlantic sectors because a prominent gap in the Sierra Madre mountains forces low-level winds to flow through the Isthmus of Tehuantepec toward the Pacific, driving local upwelling of deeper, lower radiocarbon waters to the surface. A preliminary model results and sediment core measurements leverage this wind-to-radiocarbon relationship to provide a precious constraint on Northern Hemisphere atmospheric dynamics over the past 23,000-years. Previous studies of contemporary climate variability and preliminary examinations of models and observational products indicate that higher atmospheric pressure over North America is associated with high near-surface pressure in the Gulf of Mexico, leading to stronger Tehuantepec winds. The project suggested here—including new sediment proxy measurements, model (Paleoclimate GCM) and data product examinations, and forward modeling—aims to discover the driving mechanisms behind the variability in Tehuantepec gap wind strength over paleoclimate timescales, which will provide a crucial new constraint on glacial-interglacial atmospheric dynamics in addition to controls on tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature and inter-basin moisture fluxes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

中美洲塞拉山脉山区有三个地点，它们足够低，可以让风从大西洋传播到太平洋。这些风间最北端的是“ Tehuantepec Gap”（沿着墨西哥西南海岸）。在冬季，这些本地知名的风（这里只是在这里只是tehuantepec间隙风）在海湾初级的凉爽，营养丰富的水上的剧烈上升，当时北美高大气压力在北美的高大气压力上建立了横跨Tehuantepec的压力梯度。尽管Tehuantepec间隙风作为大西洋太平洋的遥控性具有潜在的重要性，但在快速和全球气候变化的背景下，没有试图预测这些风对区域气候动态变化的反应。研究人员建议将上升流的气候记录结合在一起（从过去30.000年中的沉积性放射性碳）和模型模拟来表征北大西洋上大气动态过程的表征，并检查了这些风的敏感性到“上游”因素以及“下游”的“下游”含义。一个新型的大西洋太平洋海洋大气反馈机制在该项目的方法框架和假设检验中提出了一个tehuantepec间隙风和大气Rossby Waves的假设检验，起着核心作用。这个合作项目将支持两位早期的职业科学家，以及加州大学欧文分校的本科生的教育和科学培训（西班牙裔服务机构和美洲太平洋岛民服务机构）。研究人员将继续参与其机构的扩大参与工作，包括大气，海洋和冰圈科学领域的ATOC REU（NSF 2150262），该计划的主要报告来自西班牙裔服务机构，向学生介绍数据科学和地球科学研究。此外，将作为该项目的一部分制定一项针对地球气候长期变化的课程计划，并通过环境的气候变化和加利福尼亚的外展计划中的环境变化和识字项目进行试验，并在公开可用的国家在线库中发布，用于攀登教学教学教学法（称为“气候”）。在thehuantepec的位置是一个理想的杂物，因为一位杂乱无章的氛围是杂乱无章的，这是一个杂乱无章的氛围。塞拉山脉山脉的突出鸿沟迫使低级风通过Tehuantepec的地峡流向太平洋，将更深的下放射性碳水域的局部上升流向地表。初步模型结果和沉积物核心测量利用了这种风向二碳关系，在过去23，000年中对北半球大气动力学提供了宝贵的限制。先前对模型和观察产品的当代气候变异性和初步检查的研究表明，北美的大气压较高与墨西哥湾的近近表面压力有关，从而导致Tehuantepec风更强。此处建议的项目 - 包括新的沉积物代理测量，模型（古气候GCM）和数据产品检查以及前瞻性建模，以发现在Tehuantepec Gap风力强度在古气候时间标准上的变化背后的驾驶机制，这将为玻璃层面和玻璃层的新型式散发性动态构成至关重要的构造，以控制良好的新型动力学，以控制良好的速度式式式式环境，以构成良好的动态式，以进行良好的动态式，以构成良好的动态式，以构成良好的动态。巴辛间的水分通量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响标准通过评估被认为是珍贵的支持。