Identity and Contact as exemplified by the Late Neolithic site of Çavi Tarlasi (Turkey)

本申请中介绍的项目起点是20世纪80年代在Cavi Tarlasi进行的挖掘，这是一个新石器时代晚期遗址，随后被阿塔图尔克水库的沃茨淹没。虽然这个遗址的起源通常与公元前6千纪中期的“哈拉夫扩张”有关，但来自定居点的未出版的陶瓷暗示哈拉夫文化早在公元前6千纪初期就已经在土耳其幼发拉底河中部地区建立起来。与先前的假设相反。这一地区实际上应该被分配到哈拉夫文化的核心地区，后来从那里分散。卡维塔拉西是独一无二的，因为它是迄今为止土耳其幼发拉底河中部地区唯一一个提供了跨越哈拉夫时期大部分时间的长地层序列的遗址。在该项目框架内，将为这一重要遗址编制一份最后出版物，其中将包括对其地层学、建筑、墓葬、陶器、小发现和石器工业的文化历史评价。然而，研究的重点将在于重新评估哈拉夫文化的区域和年代细分，我们发现哈拉夫文化分散在北方美索不达米亚的大部分地区。6000和5300 calBC。这里应该指出的是，在过去的30年里，北方美索不达米亚各地考古实地工作的增加导致了调查和出版的哈拉夫遗址数量的大幅增加，从而为新的区域共时和历时比较铺平了道路。在哈拉夫文化新出现的和更有区别的情况下，必须探讨与地方和区域身份、区域互动和陶器的社会意义有关的问题。除了上述目的外，还将利用X射线荧光、矿物学和岩相学分析，对来自卡维塔拉西以及来自叙利亚北方和伊拉克北方某些地点的不同类型的陶器进行检查。这些科学研究将有助于就生产技术及其地理分布以及转让和交换关系得出关键结论。

Starting point for the project presented in this application are excavations undertaken in the 1980s at Cavi Tarlasi, a Late Neolithic site that was subsequently inundated by the rising waters of the Atatürk reservoir. Although the genesis of this site is commonly linked to the "Halaf-Expansion" around the middle of the 6th millennium calBC, unpublished ceramics from the settlement instead imply that the Halaf Culture was already well established in the Turkish middle Euphrates region as early as the incipient 6th millennium calBC. Therefore, and in contrast to earlier assumptions. this region should actually be assigned to the core area of the Halaf Culture, from whence it later dispersed. Cavi Tarlasi is unique in that it is so far the only site in the Turkish middle Euphrates region to have provided a long stratigraphical sequence spanning most of the Halaf period. In the frame of this project a final publication for this important site will be produced which will include a cultural-historical evaluation of its stratigraphy, architecture, burials, pottery, small finds and stone tool industries. The focus of the study will lie, however, on a re-evaluation of the regional and chronological subdivision of the Halaf Culture, which we find dispersed over large parts of northern Mesopotamia between c. 6000 and 5300 calBC. Here it should be noted that an increase in archaeological fieldwork over the last 30 years in various parts of northern Mesopotamia has resulted in a considerable rise in the number of investigated and published Halaf sites, thus paving the way for new regional synchronic and diachronic comparisons. In the context of a newly emerging and more differentiated picture of the Halaf culture, questions must be pursued relating to local and regional identities, regional interaction and the social significance of pottery. In addition to the aforementioned aims, different pottery types from Cavi Tarlasi and from selected sites in northern Syria and northern Iraq will be examined using X-ray fluorescence, mineralogical and petrographical analyses. These scientific studies will allow key conclusions to be drawn concerning production technologies and their geographical distribution, as well as transfer and exchange relations.