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Speech and Communicative Timing Across Languages and Linguistic Contexts

跨语言和语言环境的言语和交流时间

基本信息

批准号：
2306149
负责人：
Kathryn Franich
金额：
$ 38.93万
依托单位：
Harvard University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-10-01 至 2025-05-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2306149&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Speech Communicative Timing Across Languages

项目摘要

Speech timing between conversation partners is highly complex; nonetheless, native speakers of a given language have a strong sense of proper timing when they speak and converse. For example, a 'delay' during a conversation over Skype or Zoom can disrupt the flow of conversation considerably, even if no words are actually lost during the connection. This project investigates how speakers know when to plan their utterances during conversation, and how communicative timing varies across different languages and cultures. The research also examines how individuals time gestures of the hands and head along with their speech. The project's potential impacts include improving the naturalness of human-machine interactions, boosting the effectiveness in foreign language training, and therapeutic interventions for those with speech and language disorders.Recent research suggests that conversational timing patterns vary systematically across speakers of different languages. This project seeks to develop an explanatory model for such findings by investigating interactional timing patterns among populations of varying linguistic and sociolinguistic backgrounds. Using audio and video recordings, speech timing will be examined at the individual level in terms of how speakers align their speech to a metronome, and how they time their own co-speech gestures. The project will also investigate conversational timing between pairs of speakers, exploring relative timing of speech and gestural landmarks between conversation partners. Project findings will be of interest to linguists and speech scientists as they will inform a cross-linguistic and cross-cultural model of speech and co-speech gestural timing. Findings will also be of interest to scientists studying the role of language and related abilities (such as music and rhythmic entrainment) in the broader context of human development.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

对话伙伴之间的讲话时间非常复杂；然而，某种特定语言的母语人士在说话和交谈时对适当的时机有很强的把握。例如，通过 Skype 或 Zoom 进行对话期间的“延迟”可能会严重扰乱对话流程，即使在连接过程中实际上没有丢失任何文字。该项目研究了说话者如何知道在对话过程中何时计划自己的话语，以及不同语言和文化之间的沟通时机如何变化。该研究还研究了人们如何在讲话时调整手部和头部的姿势。该项目的潜在影响包括提高人机交互的自然性、提高外语培训的有效性以及对言语和语言障碍患者的治疗干预。最近的研究表明，不同语言的使用者之间的对话时间模式存在系统性差异。该项目旨在通过调查不同语言和社会语言背景的人群之间的互动时间模式来为这些发现开发一个解释模型。使用音频和视频记录，将在个人层面上检查演讲时间，包括演讲者如何将其演讲与节拍器对齐，以及他们如何对自己的共同演讲手势进行计时。该项目还将调查说话者之间的对话时间，探索对话伙伴之间的语音相对时间和手势标志。项目研究结果将引起语言学家和语音科学家的兴趣，因为它们将为语音和共同语音手势计时的跨语言和跨文化模型提供信息。研究结果也会引起研究语言和相关能力（例如音乐和节奏夹带）在更广泛的人类发展背景中的作用的科学家的兴趣。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。