SPP 1839: Tailored Disorder - A science- and engineering-based approach to materials design for advanced photonic applications

SPP“定制无序--一种基于科学和工程的先进光子应用材料设计方法”研究了故意引入几何和组成不规则性的材料复合材料的光子特性。将围绕基础科学问题和材料科学与工程的各种主题，研究自然和人工优化的技术材料。利用生物系统的灵感、物理、化学方法的结果和模拟的验证，SPP将使新型先进光子材料的设计成为可能。这最终将导致定制的器件用于各种光子应用，其性能取决于3D微纳结构中的定制无序。最近的研究表明，光子器件组件的严格周期性并不是实现所需功能的唯一可能方式。可控的无序程度可能会引起不可预见的光学效应。因此，材料中的定制无序可以提出设计指南，以生产弹性材料，满足复杂环境和应用领域对多功能的要求。然而，理论上的理解与可用的材料和器件之间存在着很大的差距。到目前为止，在一种材料中以足够大的规模定制无序的制造路线还很少。SPP的目标包括成功地生产含有确定程度和类型的无序的材料，并具有可预测的光子性质，从而产生技术演示。到目前为止已经确定的理论预测和实验实现的系统不仅在性能方面受到限制，而且对于任何广泛的技术实现来说也太昂贵了。因此，需要新的制造方法和合成路线，将科学理解与先进的工程策略相结合。主要目标之一是识别生物系统中的纳米结构，这些结构通过无序的光子结构产生特殊的光学响应，例如在蝴蝶和其他昆虫的翅膀中。随后将从实验和理论上研究光的选择性折射和衍射，重点研究(DIS)有序性和(IR)规律性，以识别人工、生物启发的纳米建筑的蓝图。最后，最有希望的方法将通过基于实验室的纳米制造进行实验复制。为了推动这一纳米科学和技术的跨学科领域超越纯粹的观察，计划沿着以下路线进行研究，首先是(I)生物蓝图，然后是(Ii)生物启发的复制，(Iii)最终确定人工合成/图案化的设计规则，并在器件概念中实施具有定制无序的光子纳米结构的优化。

The SPP “Tailored disorder – A science- and engineering-based approach to materials design for advanced photonic applications” investigates photonic properties of materials composites with deliberately introduced irregularities in geometry and composition. Natural and artificially optimized technical materials will be studied with respect to fundamental scientific questions and various topics of material science and engineering. Using inspiration from biological systems, results from physics, chemical approaches and validation from simulation the SPP will enable the design of novel advanced photonic materials. This will ultimately lead to custom-made devices for a variety of photonic applications with a performance depending on tailored disorder within 3D micro- and nano-architectures.Recent research demonstrates that strict periodicity in photonic device components is not the only possible way to reach a desired functionality. A controlled degree of disorder can give rise to unforeseen optical effects. Tailored disorder in materials can therefore propose design guidance to produce resilient materials, fulfilling the requirements for multi-functionality in complex environments and application fields. However, there is a large gap between theoretical understanding and available materials and devices. Up to now, fabrication routes to tailor disorder at a sufficiently large scale in a material have been scarce. The objectives of the SPP comprise the successful production of materials containing a defined degree and type of disorder with predictable photonic properties resulting in technological demonstrators. Theoretically predicted and experimentally realized systems that have been identified so far are not only limited with respect to performance, but are also too expensive for any widespread technological implementation. Thus, new fabrication approaches and synthetic routes are required which merge scientific understanding with advanced engineering strategies.One of the major goals is the identification of nano-architectures in biological systems which produce a specialized optical response by means of disordered photonic structures e.g. in the wings of butterflies and other insects. The selective refraction and diffraction of light will subsequently be studied experimentally and theoretically with emphasis on (dis)order and (ir)regularity, identifying blueprints for artificial, bio-inspired nano-architectures. Finally, the most promising approaches will be experimentally replicated using lab-based nano-fabrication.To advance this interdisciplinary field of nano-science and –technology beyond pure observation, research along the following line is planned, starting with (i) biological blueprints followed by (ii) bio-inspired replication and (iii) ultimately identification of design rules for artificial synthesis/-patterning and optimization of photonic nano-architectures with tailored disorder to be implemented in device concepts.