Reconstructing the Formation of the Milky Way with Metal-Poor Stars

用贫金属恒星重建银河系的形成

• 批准号: 2307436
• 负责人: Anna Frebel
• 金额: $ 64.4万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2307436&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reconstructing; Formation; Milky; Way; Metal

The investigator seeks to understand the early formation history of our Milky Way galaxy. She will do so by observing the oldest known stars with large optical telescopes. Due to detectable signatures of elements in the optical spectra of these stars, the stars show the birth environments, some 12 billion years ago. The investigator will study the chemical composition of these old stars. By detailed modeling, astronomers to reconstruct how the first stars and the first galaxies formed. Such information provides insight into how our Galaxy formed from many small galaxies long ago. Her research has shown that certain elements were formed in specific types of massive supernova explosions and other explosive events. Mapping the locations of old stars in the Galaxy also assists with the modeling of the change in time of the composition of the Milky Way. To share her research experience with the public, the investigator has developed a theatrical production highlighting fundamental contributions by nuclear physicist Lise Meitner. Ms. Meitner overcame many challenges to make her research discoveries, despite stress and persecution during World Wars I and II. The investigator will use high-resolution spectroscopy. She will measure detailed the element signatures of different types of old stars. It provides knowledge on their cosmic histories. This will allow her to characterize the sites in the cosmos where the heaviest elements are made. She will also map the explosive deaths of the first stars. The properties of small satellite dwarf galaxies will be established. This will provide insight into the formation history of the Milky Way. Results will be compared to theoretical models and simulations. The results of this study will constrain nucleosynthesis models, and partially explain the relative abundances of elements found on Earth. The investigator’s study of the relationship between past element creation and current, explosive, multi-messenger observations, place the new observations in a historical context. This award is partially funded through the NSF Windows on the Universe (WoU) Big Idea allocation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究人员试图了解我们银河系的早期形成历史。她将通过观察具有大型光学望远镜的最古老的恒星来做到这一点。由于这些恒星光谱中元素的可检测到符号，恒星显示了大约120亿年前的出生环境。研究人员将研究这些旧恒星的化学组成。通过详细的建模，天文学家重建了第一颗恒星和第一个星系的形成方式。这些信息提供了有关我们的银河系如何从许多小星系中形成的洞察力。她的研究表明，某些元素是在特定类型的大型超新星爆炸和其他爆炸性事件中形成的。绘制银河系中旧恒星的位置还有助于对银河系构图的变化进行建模。为了与公众分享她的研究经验，研究人员开发了戏剧性的生产，强调了核物理学家Lise Meitner的基本贡献。尽管在第一次世界大战期间，Meitner女士克服了许多挑战来使她的研究发现。研究者将使用高分辨率光谱法。她将测量不同类型的老星星的元素签名。它提供了有关其宇宙历史的知识。这将使她能够描述宇宙中最重的元素的地点。她还将绘制第一批恒星的爆炸性死亡。将建立小卫星矮星系的特性。这将提供有关银河系形成历史的见解。结果将与理论模型和模拟进行比较。这项研究的结果将限制核共渗透模型，并部分解释了地球上元素的相对丰度。研究者对过去元素创造与当前，爆炸性，多门徒观察之间的关系的研究将新的观察结果置于历史背景下。该奖项是通过宇宙（WOU）大想法分配的NSF Windows部分资助的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，通过评估来诚实地获得支持。