Reconstructing the Formation of the Milky Way with Metal-Poor Stars

用贫金属恒星重建银河系的形成

• 批准号: 2307436
• 负责人: Anna Frebel
• 金额: $ 64.4万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2307436&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Reconstructing; Formation; Milky; Way; Metal

The investigator seeks to understand the early formation history of our Milky Way galaxy. She will do so by observing the oldest known stars with large optical telescopes. Due to detectable signatures of elements in the optical spectra of these stars, the stars show the birth environments, some 12 billion years ago. The investigator will study the chemical composition of these old stars. By detailed modeling, astronomers to reconstruct how the first stars and the first galaxies formed. Such information provides insight into how our Galaxy formed from many small galaxies long ago. Her research has shown that certain elements were formed in specific types of massive supernova explosions and other explosive events. Mapping the locations of old stars in the Galaxy also assists with the modeling of the change in time of the composition of the Milky Way. To share her research experience with the public, the investigator has developed a theatrical production highlighting fundamental contributions by nuclear physicist Lise Meitner. Ms. Meitner overcame many challenges to make her research discoveries, despite stress and persecution during World Wars I and II. The investigator will use high-resolution spectroscopy. She will measure detailed the element signatures of different types of old stars. It provides knowledge on their cosmic histories. This will allow her to characterize the sites in the cosmos where the heaviest elements are made. She will also map the explosive deaths of the first stars. The properties of small satellite dwarf galaxies will be established. This will provide insight into the formation history of the Milky Way. Results will be compared to theoretical models and simulations. The results of this study will constrain nucleosynthesis models, and partially explain the relative abundances of elements found on Earth. The investigator’s study of the relationship between past element creation and current, explosive, multi-messenger observations, place the new observations in a historical context. This award is partially funded through the NSF Windows on the Universe (WoU) Big Idea allocation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

研究人员试图了解我们银河系的早期形成历史。她将通过使用大型光学望远镜观测已知最古老的恒星来做到这一点。由于在这些恒星的光谱中可以检测到元素的特征，这些恒星显示了大约120亿年前的诞生环境。研究人员将研究这些古老恒星的化学成分。通过详细的建模，天文学家重建了第一批恒星和第一批星系是如何形成的。这些信息提供了对我们的银河系是如何在很久以前由许多小星系形成的洞察。她的研究表明，某些元素是在特定类型的大规模超新星爆炸和其他爆炸性事件中形成的。绘制银河系中旧恒星的位置图也有助于对银河系组成的时间变化进行建模。为了与公众分享她的研究经验，这位研究人员制作了一部戏剧作品，突出了核物理学家丽丝·梅特纳的基本贡献。尽管在第一次世界大战和第二次世界大战期间受到压力和迫害，梅特纳还是克服了许多挑战，取得了自己的研究发现。这位研究人员将使用高分辨率光谱学。她将详细测量不同类型的老恒星的元素特征。它提供了关于他们的宇宙史的知识。这将使她能够描述宇宙中制造最重元素的地点的特征。她还将绘制首批恒星爆炸死亡的地图。小卫星矮小星系的性质将被确立。这将提供对银河系形成历史的洞察。计算结果将与理论模型和模拟结果进行比较。这项研究的结果将约束核合成模型，并部分解释地球上发现的元素的相对丰度。研究人员对过去元素创造和当前爆炸性、多信使观察之间的关系的研究，将新的观察置于历史背景中。该奖项的部分资金来自NSF的宇宙之窗(WOU)大创意拨款。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。