CASPER: Digital Instrumentation for Radio Astronomy

CASPER：射电天文学数字仪器

• 批准号: 2307781
• 负责人: Jonathon Kocz
• 金额: $ 119.42万
• 依托单位: University of California-Berkeley
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2307781&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CASPER; Digital; Instrumentation; Radio; Astronomy

The Collaboration for Astronomy Signal Processing and Electronics Research (CASPER) is an international community of astronomers, physicists, engineers, and computer scientists. The collaboration develops and maintains a collection of tools primarily used for radio astronomy research. This includes open-source hardware, software, libraries, and instrument designs. These tools can be used as templates to enable researchers to create the instruments they need to achieve their science goals in a cost effective and timely manner. CASPER hardware and software is used in over 100 instruments at astronomy observatories around the world. Instruments include everything from small experiments in undergraduate teaching labs to large, advanced telescope facilities. CASPER tools were used, for example, as part of the Event Horizon Telescope that produced the first images of the black hole at the center of our galaxy. They can also be used to drive advances in brain research, genomics, radar applications, and neutron and magnetic field imaging.CASPER research has positively impacted the cost and time scale for development of radio astronomy signal processing instrumentation. This project will leverage the past work of the CASPER community, in tandem with current developments in the super-computing industry, to provide the infrastructure to cost effectively build the next generation of astronomical instrumentation. This includes new wide-band spectrometers and transient-detection machines, correlators for large antenna arrays, and millimeter wave cameras. The low cost-of-entry associated with building instruments with CASPER technologies has allowed many students and early career scientists to gain instrument design experience using the same equipment and tools that are deployed at observatories. The new research to be undertaken in this project will assist in instrument designs for observatories and research groups to enable spectral imaging (correlation), beamforming, RFI mitigation, pulsar searching and timing, fast radio burst searching, SETI, VLBI, and wideband high-resolution spectroscopy.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

天文学信号处理和电子研究合作（CASPER）是天文学家，物理学家，工程师和计算机科学家的国际社会。该协作开发并维护了主要用于射电天文学研究的工具的集合。 这包括开源硬件，软件，库和仪器设计。这些工具可以用作模板，以使研究人员能够以经济有效和及时的方式创建他们所需的工具来实现其科学目标。 Casper硬件和软件在世界各地的天文学观测器中使用了100多种乐器。 仪器包括从本科教学实验室的小实验到大型高级望远镜设施的所有内容。例如，使用Casper工具作为事件地平线望远镜的一部分，该望远镜在我们银河系中心产生了黑洞的第一批图像。 它们还可以用来推动大脑研究，基因组学，雷达应用以及中子和磁场成像的进步。Casper研究对开发射电天文学信号处理仪器的开发的成本和时间尺度积极影响。该项目将利用卡斯珀社区的过去工作，与超级计算行业的当前发展相结合，以提供基础设施，以有效地建立下一代天文仪器。这包括新的宽带光谱仪和瞬态检测机，大型天线阵列的相关器和毫米波摄像机。与Casper Technologies一起建造工具相关的低入成本使许多学生和早期的职业科学家可以使用在观测站部署的相同设备和工具获得仪器设计经验。该项目将要进行的新研究将有助于观测和研究小组的仪器设计，以实现光谱成像（相关性），波束形成，缓解RFI，脉冲搜索和时间安排，快速的无线电爆发搜索，SETI，VLBI，VLBI和宽带高分辨率通过评估NSF的基础。更广泛的影响审查标准。