Collaborative Research: Experimental controls on Clumped Isotope Signatures of Methane in Deep-Sea Vents

合作研究：深海喷口甲烷聚集同位素特征的实验控制

• 批准号: 2308386
• 负责人: Dionysios Foustoukos
• 金额: $ 18.36万
• 依托单位: Carnegie Institution of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-05-15 至 2026-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2308386&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Experimental; controls; Clumped

The project will study the controls on the chemical characteristics of methane gas in ocean hydrothermal systems. This project will use laboratory experiments to explore the isotopic composition of methane gas and carbon dioxide. Those lab data will enable future studies of CH4 and CO2 in seafloor vents. The study will inform studies of the cycling of carbon between the Earth’s interior and oceans. It is also relevant to life in extreme environments and the origin of life. Project broader impacts include research opportunities for graduate and undergraduate students and high-school summer interns. Graduate students from California State University, San Bernardino (a minority-serving institution) will spend time at the University of Maryland and the Carnegie Institution of Washington. There they will gain experience with state-of-the-art isotope geochemistry.Deep-sea hydrothermal vent systems affect the cycling of carbon between the Earth’s interior and oceans by introducing organic compounds of thermogenic, abiotic and microbial origin to the overlying water column. Vent fluids from both basalt and ultramafic-hosted hydrothermal systems contain abundant CH4 in addition to other organic species. This project aims to explore the origin and evolution of CH4 in deep-sea vents by employing the use of double-substituted and doubly-deuterated isotopologues (13CH3D, 12CH2D2). In a series of hydrothermal experiments involving organic matter decomposition. CO2 reduction and non-equilibrated CH4 gases in the presence of mineral catalysts, the distribution of rare methane isotopologue will be assessed by the use of a high-mass-resolution gas-source multiple collector mass spectrometer (Panorama, UMD). Experiments will assess the equilibrium relationships in the 12CH2D2-13CH3D-12CH3D-12CH4-13CH4-HD-HDO-H2O system and describe isotope effects associated with the impact of mineral phases and H2O H isotope composition on the abiotic and thermogenic formation mechanisms. This study aims to be a comprehensive study of Delta-12CH2D2 and Delta-13CH3D evolution applied to subseafloor hydrothermal systems and water/rock interactions deeper in the oceanic crust.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将研究海洋热液系统中甲烷气体化学特性的控制。该项目将利用实验室实验来探索甲烷气体和二氧化碳的同位素组成。这些实验室数据将使未来对海底喷口中的甲烷和二氧化碳的研究成为可能。该研究将为地球内部和海洋之间碳循环的研究提供信息。它还与极端环境下的生命和生命的起源有关。项目更广泛的影响包括为研究生和本科生以及高中暑期实习生提供研究机会。加州州立大学圣贝纳迪诺分校（少数族裔服务机构）的研究生将在马里兰大学和华盛顿卡内基研究所学习。在那里，他们将获得最先进的同位素地球化学经验。深海热液喷口系统通过将生热、非生物和微生物来源的有机化合物引入上覆水柱，影响地球内部和海洋之间的碳循环。除了其他有机物质外，玄武岩和超镁铁质热液系统的喷口流体还含有丰富的 CH4。该项目旨在通过使用双取代和双氘代同位素体（13CH3D、12CH2D2）探索深海喷口中CH4的起源和演化。在一系列涉及有机物分解的水热实验中。在矿物催化剂存在下二氧化碳还原和非平衡甲烷气体，稀有甲烷同位素体的分布将通过使用高分辨率气源多收集器质谱仪（Panorama，UMD）进行评估。实验将评估 12CH2D2-13CH3D-12CH3D-12CH4-13CH4-HD-HDO-H2O 系统中的平衡关系，并描述与矿物相和 H2O H 同位素组成对非生物和产热形成机制的影响相关的同位素效应。这项研究旨在对 Delta-12CH2D2 和 Delta-13CH3D 演化应用于海底热液系统和洋壳深处的水/岩石相互作用进行全面研究。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。