TDYNO: Fluctuation Dynamo, Heat Transport, and Ion Acceleration in Magnetized Turbulence

该奖项支持使用模拟和高功率激光设施对天体物理等离子体湍流进行实验室研究。 磁化等离子体湍流，即星系团湍流物质中磁场的随机扭曲和纠缠，是目前解释宇宙磁场的最佳工作假设。理论上，随机磁场负责调节星系团核心的热传导;磁化湍流在宇宙射线的传输和传播中起着关键作用。高功率激光器和高性能计算的出现从根本上改变了研究这些过程的方式，为在实验室中重建和模拟与天体物理学相关的磁化等离子体提供了新的机会。TDYNO（湍流发电机）合作，由罗切斯特大学和牛津大学共同领导，并得到该奖项的支持，正在研究磁化湍流的基本特性及其通过高保真数值模拟与FLASH代码和激光驱动实验相结合介导的天体物理过程，该项目建立在TDYNO合作的最新成果之上，使设计，执行，和解释新的激光驱动的实验室天体物理学实验在欧米茄激光设施在激光能量学实验室，劳伦斯利弗莫尔国家实验室的国家点火装置（NIF）和GSI亥姆霍兹重离子研究中心。这些实验利用成熟和多功能的TDYNO实验平台，该平台将通过FLASH设计模拟进行定制，以（1）回答与磁化湍流和湍流发电机（Omega）的开始和衰减有关的基本问题，（2）测量和支架如何在强磁化湍流等离子体（NIF）中传输热量，（3）研究了离子在随机磁场（GSI）中运动的机理。通过这样做，该项目有助于实现NSF的“宇宙之窗：多信使天体物理学时代”计划的目标。该项目支持等离子体物理学和天体物理学社区广泛感兴趣的研究方向，并为罗切斯特大学和牛津大学的几名研究生和博士后学者提供独特的培训机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This award supports a laboratory-based study of astrophysical plasma turbulence using simulations and high power laser facilities. Magnetized plasma turbulence, the stochastic twisting and tangling of magnetic fields in the turbulent matter of galaxy clusters, is currently the best working hypothesis to account for cosmic magnetic fields. Stochastic magnetic fields are theorized to be responsible for regulating heat conduction in galaxy cluster cores; and magnetized turbulence plays a key role in the transport and energization of cosmic rays. The emergence of high-power lasers and high performance computing have radically changed the way these processes can be studied, enabling new opportunities to recreate and model astrophysically relevant magnetized plasmas in the laboratory. The TDYNO (turbulent dynamo) collaboration, co-led by the University of Rochester and the University of Oxford and supported by this award, is studying the fundamental properties of magnetized turbulence and the astrophysical processes it mediates through a combination of high-fidelity numerical simulations with the FLASH code and laser-driven experiments at world-class laser facilities.This project builds on the recent achievements of the TDYNO collaboration and enables the design, execution, and interpretation of novel laser-driven laboratory astrophysics experiments at the Omega Laser Facility at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, the National Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and the GSI Helmholtz Centre for Heavy Ion Research. The experiments exploit the mature and versatile TDYNO experimental platform, which will be tailored through FLASH design simulations to (1) answer fundamental questions pertinent to the onset and decay of magnetized turbulence and turbulent dynamo (Omega), (2) measure and bracket how heat is transported in strongly magnetized turbulent plasmas (NIF), and (3) characterize the mechanisms behind the energization of ions in stochastic magnetic fields (GSI). In doing so, the project contributes to the goals of NSF's "Windows on the Universe: The Era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics" program. The project supports research thrusts that are of broad interest to the plasma physics and astrophysics communities and provides unique training opportunities to several graduate students and postdoctoral scholars at the University of Rochester and the University of Oxford.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.