ALPS II Science Runs and Upgrades

ALPS II 科学运行和升级

• 批准号: 2309918
• 负责人: David Tanner
• 金额: $ 45万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2309918&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: ALPS; II; Science; Runs; Upgrades

Astronomical measurements indicate that nearly 85% of the matter in the Universe is yet unknown particles and determining the nature of this “dark matter” is the basis for one of the most extensive searches for new physics beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. The Any Light Particle Search (ALPS) is a light shining through wall (LSW) experiment that probes interactions of photons (light) with non-Standard Model particles via a search for the disappearance of photons on one side of a wall and to reemerge on the other. The observation of such an interaction would provide a discovery of the nature of the dark matter. This award supports the ALPS II group at the University of Florida to perform final commissioning and data analysis of the first science runs of the project. The award provides diverse training opportunities for students to develop unique and transferrable skills in disciplines spanning lasers and optics, electronics, vacuum and cryogenics. The ALPS II experiment, located at the DESY laboratory in Hamburg, Germany, is the world’s most sensitive LSW experiment. The apparatus consists of two 120m-long strings of straightened 5.3 Tesla HERA dipole magnets on each side of a light-tight wall. An optical cavity is used to build up the power on one side of the wall to up to 1MW, while a second cavity is used to amplify the photon re-creation process on the other side of the wall. This experimental setup provides a more than 12 order of magnitude improvement in sensitivity over previous searches for interactions that turn photons into low-mass particles, and vice versa. These potential low-mass particles include axion-like particles, their scalar counterparts, as well as hidden-sector photons, that may contribute to, or even exclusively form, the omnipresent dark matter. The ALPS II search technique depends only on proposed fundamental interactions between photons and postulated non-standard-model particles and explores a parameter space that has been favored by recent astronomical and other observations. The result is a largely model-independent search with no assumptions about stellar evolution nor any specific dark matter particle.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

天文测量表明，宇宙中几乎85％的物质尚不清楚，并且确定这种“暗物质”的性质是对粒子物理学标准模型以外最广泛搜索新物理学的基础之一。任何光颗粒搜索（ALP）都是通过墙壁（LSW）实验的光线，通过搜索照片（光）与非标准模型粒子的相互作用，通过搜索照片消失在墙壁的一侧并在另一侧重新出现。这种互动的观察将发现暗物质的性质。该奖项支持佛罗里达大学的阿尔卑斯山II小组，对该项目的第一届科学运行进行最终调试和数据分析。该奖项为学生提供了跨越激光和光学，电子，真空和低温的学科中独特和可转让技能的独特技能的培训机会。位于德国汉堡的DESY实验室的Alps II实验是世界上最敏感的LSW实验。该设备由两个1200亿长的拉直的5.3 TESLA HERA偶极磁铁组成，在光密壁的每一侧。光腔用于在墙壁的一侧建立功率，最高为1MW，而第二个腔则用于放大墙壁另一侧的光子重新创建过程。这种实验设置提供了超过12个以上的数量级，而不是先前搜索相互作用的敏感性，这些相互作用将照片变成低质量颗粒，反之亦然。这些潜在的低质量颗粒包括轴突样颗粒，它们的标量对应物以及隐藏的扇形照片，这些颗粒可能有助于甚至仅形成无所不在的暗物质。阿尔卑斯山II搜索技术仅取决于光子和张贴的非标准模型粒子之间提出的基本相互作用，并探讨了最近天文学和其他观测值所偏爱的参数空间。结果是在很大程度上独立于模型的搜索，没有关于恒星进化的假设或任何特定的暗物质粒子。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来审查标准。